Awareness and Perception Toward Heritage, Life, and Tourism in Converting Tourism Area
Abstract
The transformation of local areas to a tourism destination requires high awareness and perception of local community about the tourism activities and the consequences evolved of this involvement including the economic changes. This study examines the level of awareness of local communities regarding their role in the development of tourism in their city, particularly in rural areas since the transformation to a tourism destination was made by the governmental arrangements. A quantitative research approach was used. The population formed the local community of the city. A simple random sample composed of 700 citizens was selected to represent different community categories. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was measured through a pilot sample. The results show the high validity and reliability of the data collection tool. The findings indicate that citizens were satisfied with the tourism development but expressed concern about its impact on their culture and privacy. The level of participation was found to be insufficient due to a lack of awareness of their role in the process. Negative perceptions regarding the quality of life also hindered their participation in local area development. The study recommends the official organization of the city's conversion to a tourism destination, including improvements in infrastructure and greater participation from locals.
References
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[3] Alvares, D. F., Dos Santos, S. R. and Costa Perinotto, A. R. 2020. Network of Tourism Observatories toward Tourism Intelligence: The Case of Brazil. Enlightening Tourism, 10 (2): 140–78. DOI:https://doi.org/10.33776/et.v10i2.4696
[4] Andriansyah, A., Watriningsih W., Hamzah, R. E. and Pertiwi, S.A. 2022. Building Tourism Awareness Areas With Local Wisdom. PETANDA: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Dan Humaniora, 3 (1): 40–53. DOI:https://doi.org/10.32509/petanda.v3i1.1969
[5] Arif, M., Haiyudi H., and Teng Teu. 2023. Empowering Tourism Awareness Group Based on Sapta Pesona Concept to Actualize Agro-Tourism Villages in West Bangka. SPEKTA (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat : Teknologi Dan Aplikasi) 4 (1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.12928/spekta.v4i1.7613
[6] Asmoro, B., Mimin Anwartinna, and Sri Handayani. 2019. Tourism Awareness Groups (Pokdarwis) Institutional Capacity Development in Managing Coban Pandawa Tourist Attraction, 146–56. DOI:https://doi.org/10.32528/pi.v0i0.2474
[7] Asmoro, Br. T., and Resmiatini, E. 2021. Maximizing Organizational Structure of Sukodono Tourism Awareness Group. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Conference on Social Science and Humanities (ANCOSH 2020) 542. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210413.068
[8] Aytekin, A., et al. 2023. The Effect of Responsible Tourism Perception on Place Attachment and Support for Sustainable Tourism Development: The Moderator Role of Environmental Awareness. Sustainability (Switzerland) 15 (7). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075865
[9] Bagus, C., BrahmaSari, I. A. and Suryani, T. 2020. The Effects of Local Culture on Tourism Products and Domestic Tourist Satisfaction in Tourism Destinations. Archives of Business Research, 7 (12): 233–43. DOI:https://doi.org/10.14738/abr.712.7560
[10] Bhandari, L. 2022. Approaches to Local Community Participation in Tourism Development. Journal of Tourism and Adventure, 5 (1): 44–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/jota.v5i1.48737
[11] Bichler, B. F. 2021. Designing Tourism Governance: The Role of Local Residents. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.100389
[12] Chang, M. X., Choong, Y. O. and Ng, L. P. 2020. Local Residents’ Support for Sport Tourism Development: The Moderating Effect of Tourism Dependency. Journal of Sport and Tourism, 24 (3): 215–34. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2020.1833747
[13] Darubekti, N., Hanum, S. H., Suryaningsih, P. E. and Waryenti, D. 2022. Increasing the Digital Literacy among Tourism Awareness Groups for Sustainable Tourism Village Development. MITRA: Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, 6 (2): 158–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25170/mitra.v6i2.3552
[14] Ghaderi, Z., Shahabi, E., Fennell, D. and Khoshkam, M. 2022. Increasing Community Environmental Awareness, Participation in Conservation, and Livelihood Enhancement through Tourism. Local Environment 27 (5): 605–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2022.2048812
[15] Guerra, T., Moreno Pacheco, M. P., de Almeida, A. S. A. and Vitorino, L. C. 2022. Authenticity in Industrial Heritage Tourism Sites: Local Community Perspectives. European Journal of Tourism Research 32. DOI:https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v32i.2379
[16] Gunawijaya, J, and Pratiwi, A. 2018. How Local Community Could Contribute to the Tourism Development in Rural Area? KnE Social Sciences, 3 (11): 826. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i11.2809
[17] Gupta, M., and Hasnain, A. 2022. Sustainable Tourism: Elevating Collaboration between the Hospitality Industry and Local Citizens. ECS Transactions, 107 (1): 18611–18. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/10701.18611ecst
[18] Judd, D.R. 2015. The Infrastructure of Play: Building the Tourist City. The Infrastructure of Play: Building the Tourist City, 1–335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315699585
[19] Karacaoğlu, S., Şeyh, B. and Birdir, K. 2018. Success Factors of Community Based Tourism (CBT) Perceived by Local Peoples: The Case of % 100 Misia Project. International Rural Tourism and Development Journal, 1 (2): 53–61. www.nobel.gen.tr
[20] Kasim, M., et al. 2021. The Role of Local Communities in Developing Potential Areas for Marine Tourism. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 800 (1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/800/1/012055
[21] Kausar, D. R., and Nishikawa, Y. 2010. Heritage Tourism in Rural Areas: Challenges for Improving Socio-Economic Impacts. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 15 (2): 195–213. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/10941661003629995
[22] Kim, E. G., Chhabra, D. and Dallen J. Timothy. 2022. Towards a Creative MICE Tourism Destination Branding Model: Integrating Heritage Tourism in New Orleans, USA. Sustainability (Switzerland) 14 (24).https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416411
[23] Kliuchnyk, A., et al. 2023. The Impact of Tourism on Local Community Development. Economic Affairs (New Delhi), 68: 649–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46852/0424-2513.2s.2023.4
[24] Kodaş, D., Reşat Arıca, Neşe Kafa, and Feridun Duman. 2022. Relationships between Perceptions of Residents Toward Tourism Development, Benefits Derived from Tourism and Support to Tourism. Journal of Tourismology 0 (0): 0–0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2022.8.2.1075196
[25] Kristian, I. 2023. Role of Tourism Awareness Groups in Increasing Tourist Visits in West Bandung Regency (Case Study at Ciburuy Tourism Object). The International Journal of Education Management and Sociology, 2 (2): 78–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58818/ijems.v2i2.30
[26] Kyungjin, C. 2022. An Analysis of the Structural Relationship among Awareness of Cultural Heritage, Local Attachment, and Local Community. The Journal of Cultural Policy, 36 (3): 5–28. DOI:https://doi.org/10.16937/jcp.2022.36.3.5
[27] Lapuz, M.C. M. 2023. The Role of Local Community Empowerment in the Digital Transformation of Rural Tourism Development in the Philippines. Technology in Society 74. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102308
[28] Mokhele, I. 2022. The Biopolitical Production of Tourism Areas in Lesotho: The Case of Bokong Nature Reserve. Via Tourism Review, no. 21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/viatourism.8528
[29] Obradović, S., and Tešin, A. 2023. Local Communities’ Perceptions of Tourism Planning in Natural Areas. Tourism and Hospitality, 4 (2): 336–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp4020021
[30] Obradović, S., Stojanović, V., Knežević, S. M. and Milić, D. 2022. The Importance of Local Community Attitudes for Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas: The Case of Tikvara Nature Park, Serbia. Eastern European Countryside, 28 (1): 127–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12775/eec.2022.006
[31] Ohe, Y. 2020. Barrier to Change in Rural Tourism: Dependence Effect on Local Tourism Resources. Community-Based Rural Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 137–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0383-2_7
[32] Opačić, V. T. 2019. Tourism Valorisation of Cultural Heritage. Urban Book Series, 181–96. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10612-6_15
[33] Owino, E A, and Wamunga, F.W. 2014. An Assessment of the Level of Awareness of the Influence of Tourism on the Health Conditions of Locals in and around the Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya” 4 (Department of Educational Psychology, Moi University, P. O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.): 125–32. http://www.ijhssnet.com/journals/Vol_4_No_5_March_2014/13.pdf
[34] Pagliara, F., et al. 2021. Validating a Theoretical Model of Citizens’ Trust in Tourism Development. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2020.100922
[35] Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Mastura, J., and Safura, I. 2015. Perceived Social Effects of Tourism Development: A Case Study of Kinabalu National Park. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 10 (2): 5–20.
[36] Retno Budi Wahyuni, Warta Sumirat, Zulhelfa, and Nuraeni Handayaningrum. 2023. Interpersonal Communication of Tourism Awareness Group in Increasing the Quality of Tourism Village Products. Jurnal Kepariwisataan: Destinasi, Hospitalitas Dan Perjalanan 7 (1): 108–20. DOI:https://doi.org/10.34013/jk.v7i1.1184
[37] Rosário, João Ferreira do, et al. 2022. Importance-Performance Analysis of Tourism Destination Attractiveness, 231–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8306-7.ch012
[38] Sadikoglu, S., and Oktay, S. 2017. Perception of Tourism Students toward Training Program. Procedia Computer Science, 120: 204–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.11.230
[39] Sahoo, M. 2019. Structural Equation Modeling: Threshold Criteria for Assessing Model Fit. Methodological Issues in Management Research: Advances, Challenges, and the Way Ahead, 269–76. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-973-220191016
[40] Saputro, T. A., Pujiyono P., and Latifah, E. 2023. The Role of the Local Community in Geographic Indications Based on Tourism Intellectual Property. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.28-10-2022.2326401
[41] Saryani. 2021. Dasar Pemikiran Filsafati Pengambangan Daerah Pariwisata. Media Wisata 2 (2). DOI:https://doi.org/10.36276/mws.v2i2.37
[42] Šebešová, A., and Kršák, B. 2018. Notes on the Impact of Cycling Infrastructure on Tourist Destination Management. Acta Geoturistica, 9 (2): 24–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/agta-2018-0007
[43] Sihombing, Ir A., Jajang Gunawijaya, and Poeti Nazura Gulfira Akbar. 2017. Local Tourism Awareness and Knowledge: Community Views in Wanayasa. E-Review of Tourism Research, 14 (5–6): 188–213.
[44] Sijabat, F., et al. 2017. Residents’ Perception on Tourism Impacts Toward the Support for Tourism Development in Sabang, Indonesia.”
[45] Syaripuddin, S. 2021. Tourism Destination Development Strategy Central Aceh. International Journal of Educational Research and Social Sciences 2 (2): 391–96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v2i2.58
[46] VT, B., Dixit, S. K. and Prasad, S. D. 2023. Community Support for Religious Tourism. Tourism, 71 (2): 398–410. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37741/t.71.2.11
[47] Wayan, L., Suindari, N. and Wirawan, I. 2022. The Effect of Community Based Tourism Perceptions on Sustainability Performance through Mediation of Community Participation in Pinggan Tourism Village. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i9-16
[48] Waylen, K.A., et al. 2010. Effect of Local Cultural Context on the Success of Community-Based Conservation Interventions. Conservation Biology 24 (4): 1119–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01446.x
[49] Williams, P. W., Stewart, K. and Larsen, D. 2012. “Toward an Agenda of High-Priority Tourism Research. Journal of Travel Research 51 (1): 3–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287511427824
[50] Yilmaz, H., and Merkez, M. 2022. Exploring the Rural Tourism Perception of Local People and Farmers. Cuadernos de Desarrollo Rural 19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.cdr19.ertp
[51] Yushan, L. 2016. Tourism Destination Governance: The Case Study of Hemavan and Tarnaby, 221–42. Available at: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/10.1108/S2042-1443(2012)0000004015
[52] Zhang, G., Chen, X., Law, R. and Zhang, M. 2020. Sustainability of Heritage Tourism: A Structural Perspective from Cultural Identity and Consumption Intention. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12 (21): 1–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219199
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Published
2023-12-29
How to Cite
HYASAT, Ali S..
Awareness and Perception Toward Heritage, Life, and Tourism in Converting Tourism Area.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 14, n. 8, p. 3006 - 3018, dec. 2023.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/8267>. Date accessed: 20 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v14.8(72).03.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2024 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2024. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.