The Impact of the Travel and Tourism Sector on the Growth of the National Economy
Abstract
Purpose – This study aimed to examine the interrelationship between the economic development of the country and the development of tourism. This study strived to conceptually categories in TandT sectors recent reports in India and Indonesia. Methodology – This study employed secondary data involving United Nations (UN) and International Monetary Fund (IMF) reports and highly-rated peer-reviewed scientific journal articles. Systematic deductive reasoning was employed to perform UN and IMF report reviews. Findings– The service sector's contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is denoted as a progress predictor. Therefore, organizations are required to adapt tactics and operations in SCs to address current dynamic settings, possibilities, and threats. An essential procedural element involved adequate partner choice in SC to organize and provide competitive package tours. High service sector contribution to the national economy implied industrial advancement. As developing nations, Indonesia and India encompass rapidly advancing service industries on a global scale. Economically, the travel and tourism (TandT) sector proved essential in facilitating GDP and employment opportunities while a competent workforce vitally affected industrial growth and development. In this vein, human resource development is a crucial industrial component. Research limitation/implications – This paper provides several important points that need further research in the future. Some points have been presented regarding the Integration of technological engines and important factors of basic engines in tourism. Originality/value– This study shows the interrelationship between the economic development of the country and the development of tourism. Tourism helps in revitalizing the supply chain sector, which directly affects economic and industrial development and vice versa. This is beneficial for both governments and those in the tourism and economic sectors to make joint and effective cooperation. This research also mentions many important points that may help them to revitalize this relationship.
References
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[2] Rastogi, Shailesh, and Jagjeevan Kanoujiya. 2023. The volatility spillover effect of macroeconomic indicators on inbound tourism in India. Tourism Review, Vol. 78 No. 4, pp. 1092-1115. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-08-2022-0416.
[3] Augustin, Jean-Luc Pradel Mathurin, and Shu-Yi Liaw. 2017. Tourism competitiveness index of the Asia-Pacific region through consistency analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(12): 1295 - 1307. DOI: 10.1080/10941665.2017.1391855
[4] Aukland, Knut. 2018. At the confluence of leisure and devotion: Hindu pilgrimage and domestic tourism in India. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 6(1): 18 - 33. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20183160602
[5] Babbie, E., 2010. The practice of social research: Cengage Learning. Retrieved Nov, 15, p.2014.
[6] Coughlan, AT, Anderson, E., Stern, LW, and Adel, I. El-Ansary. 2004. Marketing Channels.
[7] De Búrca, S., Fletcher, R., and Brown, L. 2004. International marketing: an SME perspective. Pearson Education: 73-85.
[8] Basariya, S.R. and Ahmed, R.R., 2019. The Influence of ‘Adventure Tourism Activities’ in promoting tourism business in mountain stations. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 8(2), pp.1-10.
[9] Sears, J., 2008. Too Poor for Peace? Global Poverty, Conflict, and Security in the 21st Century. Peace Research, 40(1), p.102.
[10] Nicolau, Juan L., and Francisco J. Más. 2008. Sequential choice behavior: Going on vacation and type of destination. Tourism management, 29(5): 1023-1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.01.004
[11] Buhalis, Dimitrios, and Rob Law. 2008. Progress in information technology and tourism management: 20 years on and 10 years after the Internet - The state of eTourism research. Tourism management, 29(4): 609-623. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2008.01.005
[12] Çakmak, Erdinç, and M. Alper Çenesiz. 2020. Measuring the size of the informal tourism economy in Thailand. International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(5): 637-652. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2362
[13] Calderwood, Lauren Uppink, and Maksim Soshkin. 2019. The travel and tourism competitiveness report 2019. World Economic Forum. https://apo.org.au/node/257631
[14] Centobelli, Piera, Roberto Cerchione, and Myriam Ertz. 2020. Agile supply chain management: where did it come from and where will it go in the era of digital transformation?. Industrial Marketing Management 90: 324-345.
[15] Cochrane, Janet. 2006. Indonesian national parks: understanding leisure users. Annals of tourism Research, 33(4): 979-997.
[16] Costa, Carlos. 2020. Tourism planning: A perspective paper. Tourism Review, 75(1): 198-202. DOI:10.1108/TR-09-2019-0394
[17] Du, Yuying, Xia Hu, and Ka Vakil. 2021. Systematic literature review on the supply chain agility for manufacturer and consumer. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 45(4): 581-616. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12645
[18] Fernández, José Antonio Salinas, Paula Serdeira Azevedo, José María Martín Martín, and José Antonio Rodríguez Martín. 2020. Determinants of tourism destination competitiveness in the countries most visited by international tourists: Proposal of a synthetic index. Tourism Management Perspectives 33: 100582. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.100582
[19] Garad, Askar, and Ika Nurul Qamari. 2021. Determining Factors Influencing Establishing E-Service Quality in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Yemen E-Government. International Journal of Electronic Government Research (IJEGR), 17(1): 15-30. DOI: 10.4018/IJEGR.2021010102
[20] Garad, A., Qamari, I. N., Hartono, A. 2020. Qualitative Research in Social Science Research: Paradigmatic, Methodological and Operational Debate. 8(12): 1266-1272 https://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?andp_id=IJCRT2012152
[21] Garad, Askar, Gunawan Budiyanto, and A. M. A. L. Ansi. 2021. Impact of covid-19 pandemic on the global economy and future prospects: A systematic review of global reports. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 99(4): 1-15. http://www.jatit.org/volumes/Vol99No4/10Vol99No4.pdf#
[22] Garad, Askar, Alni Rahmawati, and Suryo Pratolo. 2021. The impact of board directors, audit committee and ownership on financial performance and firms value. Evaluation, 17(18), 19. 10.13189/ujaf.2021.090509.
[23] Garad A, Yaya R, Pratolo P, Rahmawati A. 2022. The relationship between transformational leadership, improving employee’s performance and the raising efficiency of organizations. Management and Production Engineering Review, 13(2):15–30. DOI: 10.24425/mper.2022.142052.
[24] Goldberg, Jeremy, Alastair Birtles, Nadine Marshall, Matt Curnock, Peter Case, and Roger Beeden. 2018. The role of Great Barrier Reef tourism operators in addressing climate change through strategic communication and direct action. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(2): 238-256. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1343339
[25] Gulyaev, V. G., and I. A. Selivanov. 2008. Tourism: economy, management, sustainable development. Moscow: Sovetskiy sport.
[26] Hampton, Mark P., and Julian Clifton. 2016. 'Tourism in Indonesia'. In The Routledge Handbook of Tourism in Asia, Routledge, 201-210.
[27] Ioannides, Dimitri, and Keith G. Debbage, eds. 1998. The economic geography of the tourist industry: A supply-side analysis. Psychology Press.
[28] Baretje, Rene, Dimitrios Buhalis, and Jafar Jafari. 2002. Encyclopedia of Tourism. Taylor and Francis.
[29] Kandampully, Jay. 2000. The impact of demand fluctuation on the quality of service: a tourism industry example. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 10(1): 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604520010307012
[30] Leung, Yu-Fai, Anna Spenceley, Glen Hvenegaard, Ralf Buckley, and Craig Groves. 2018. Tourism and visitor management in protected areas: Guidelines for sustainability. Vol. 27. Gland, Switzerland. https://www.sprep.org/attachments/VirLib/Global/tourism-protected-areas.pdf
[31] Maharani, Ajeng, and Faula Mahalika. 2020. New Normal Tourism Sebagai Pendukung Ketahanan Ekonomi Nasional Pada Masa Pandemi. Jurnal Lemhannas RI 8, no. 2.(in Indonesian)
[32] McKercher, Bob, Tanya Packer, Matthew K. Yau, and Patrick Lam. 2003. Travel agents as facilitators or inhibitors of travel: perceptions of people with disabilities. Tourism Management 24, no. 4. 465-474. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00107-3
[33] Pratt, Stephen, and Denis Tolkach. 2018. The politics of tourism statistics. International Journal of Tourism Research 20, no. 3: 299-307. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2181
[34] Rodríguez-Díaz, Beatriz, and Juan Ignacio Pulido-Fernández. 2021. Analysis of the Worth of the Weights in a new Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index. Journal of Travel Research 60, no. 2: 267-280. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519899982
[35] Rogaly, Ben. 2008. Migrant workers in the ILO's Global Alliance Against Forced Labour report: A critical appraisal. Third World Quarterly 29, no. 7 (2008): 1431-1447. DOI: 10.1080/01436590802386674
[36] Sethukumari, S. Niruba, A. Thirumagal, and M. Mani. 2021. Spotlight on UNWTO eLibrary. Library Philosophy and Practice: 1-12.
[37] Shaikh, Mohsin, and Ika Nurul Qamari. 2021. Covid-19 and its impact on the global tourism industry. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government Vol 27, no. 1.
[38] Salnikova, Elena. 2022. The Types of Tourism: Niche Tourism. Theoretical aspects in the formation of pedagogical sciences 1, no. 4: 7-9. http://econferences.ru/index.php/tafps/article/view/718
[39] Wareham, Nicholas J., Esther MF van Sluijs, and Ulf Ekelund. 2005. Physical activity and obesity prevention: a review of the current evidence. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 64, no. 2: 229-247. DOI:10.1079/pns2005423
[40] International Labour Organization. 2013.Toolkit on Poverty Reduction Through Tourism.
[41] Stats, N. Z. 2018. Tourism Satellite Account: 2018. The contribution made by tourism to the New Zealand economy.
[42] UNWTO. 2020. International tourism growth continues to outpace the global economy. World Tourism Organization.
[43] Word Bank. 2018. World development report 2019: The changing nature of work. Washington, DC.
[44] WTTC. Economic Impact Reports. 2020. World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC).
[45] WTTC. 2019. World Travel and Tourism Council.
Published
2023-09-29
How to Cite
QAMARI, Ika Nurul et al.
The Impact of the Travel and Tourism Sector on the Growth of the National Economy.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 14, n. 6, p. 2715 - 2724, sep. 2023.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/8091>. Date accessed: 21 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v14.6(70).19.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2023. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.