Accessibility of Women's Empowerment in Tourism Industry from Mandalika Special Economic Zone
Abstract
This study aims to map the types of work, gender inequality and patterns of empowerment of female workers in the tourism service sector in the Madalika Tourism Industrial Zone, Central Lombok. Researchers used the survey method, interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study found that the tourism industry in the Madalika Tourism Industrial Zone has encouraged the growth of new types of jobs, business opportunities, and new entrepreneurs. South Lombok women who originally worked in the domestic sphere (unpaid work) slowly moved into the public-professional sphere. The wrong perceptions of the existence of women workers in the tourism sector have created gender inequality that is detrimental to the existence of women workers in the tourism sector. The empowerment of women's resources in the tourism sector requires a development approach based on culture and local wisdom of the community, namely strengthening the capacity of women workers, which includes strengthening individual capacity and strengthening entity (institutional) capacity. Empowerment includes building women's abilities, cultural changes and structural policies that are pro-women.
References
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[2] Beauvoir, S. 1956. The Second Sex, Parshley (Ed.), 2nd Edition, Lowe & Brydone. Available at: https://uberty.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/1949_simone-de-beauvoir-the-second-sex.pdf
[3] Bonang, D., Hasanah, S.M., Setyo, M., Nugroho, S., and Zulpawati, A.T.F. 2022. Geopark Rinjani, sport tourism, and the rise of local participation post COVID in Lombok, Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 4(60): 1207–1215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v13.4(60).25
[4] Chambers, R. 2013. Rural development: Putting the last first. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0-582-64443-4. Available at: http://ndl.ethernet.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/54506/1/198.pdf
[5] Cholik, M. A. 2017. The development of tourism industry in Indonesia: Current problems and challenges. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Management Sciences, 5(1): 49–59. Available at: www.idpublications.orrg
[6] Fakih, M. 1998. Gender Analysis & Social Transformation. Pustaka Pelajar. ISBN: 979-3457-93-7
[7] Febriani, S. D. 2016. The impact of tourism on local economic development in Batu (Case study Jatim Park 2 Area). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB, 4(2).
[8] Firdaus, F. 2018. Potency of integrated cultural tourism development at Maninjau Lake Area, West Sumatera. MIMBAR : Jurnal Sosial Dan Pembangunan, 34(1): 72–82. DOI:https://doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v34i1.31133
[9] Freire, P. 1993. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. The Continuum International Publishing GrouP. Available at: https://envs.ucsc.edu/internships/internship-readings/freire-pedagogy-of-the-oppressed.pdf
[10] Gram, L., Morrison, J., and Skordis-Worrall, J. 2019. Organising concepts of ‘women’s empowerment’ for measurement: A typology. Social Indicators Research, 143(3): 1349–1376. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-2012-2
[11] Haryana, A. 2020. Economic and welfare impacts of Indonesia’s tourism sector. Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning, 4(3): 300–311. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36574/jpp.v4i3.127
[12] Huis, M.A., Hansen, N., Otten, S., and Lensink, R. 2017. A Three-Dimensional Model of women’s empowerment: implications in the field of microfinance and future directions. Frontiers in Psychology, 8: 1–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01678
[13] Irwan, M., and Salahuddin, M. 2020. Human Resources In Islamic Economics. Sanabil. ISBN 978-623-7881-08-7
[14] Jamhawi, M. M., Hajahjah, Z., and Okour, Y. 2015. Gender equality in tourism industry : A case study from Madaba , gender equality in tourism industry: A case study from Madaba, Jordan. Journal of Global Research in Education and Social Science, 4(4).
[15] Ma’ruf, A., and Masmulyadi. 2013. Women’s empowerment model in home industry. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Studi Pembangunan, 14(April): 9–17.
[16] Manzoor, F., Wei. L., Asif., M., Ziaul Hag, M., and Rehman, H.. 2019. The contribution of sustainable tourism to economic growth and employment in Pakistan. International Jurnal Environ Res Public Health, 16(19): 3785. DOI: https://doi.org/doi:10.3390/ijerph16193785
[17] Nurhilaliati, N. 2019. Leadership quality of female madrasah chiefs in an islamic boarding school environment. EDUKASI: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Agama Dan Keagamaan, 17(1): 57–69. DOI:https://doi.org/10.32729/edukasi.v17i1.541
[18] Pérez-Rodríguez, J. V., Rachinger, V., H., and Santana-Gallego, M. 2022. Does tourism promote economic growth? A fractionally integrated heterogeneous panel data analysis. Tourism Economics, 28(5): 1355–1376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816620980665
[19] Rahmayani, D., et al. 2022. Economics development analysis Journal Tourism Development and Economic Growth: An empirical investigation for Indonesia article information. Economics Development Analysis Journal, 1(1): 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v11i1.50009
[20] Rasanjali, C., Sivashankar, P., and Mahaliyanaarachchi, R. P. 2021. Women participation in rural tourism: A case of Ella, Sri Lanka. Agraris, 7(2): 256–269. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/AGRARIS.V7I2.11294
[21] Ritzer, G. 1996. Modern Sociological Theory. McGraw-Hill Companies, 609 p. ISBN: 978-0070530188.
[22] Rois, I., and Salahuddin, M. 2021. DSN-MUI economic fatwa in Indonesia’s socio-economic system (Maqashid Shariah Analysis System Approach). Istinbáth Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam, 20(1): 91–106.
[23] Rois, I., and Salahuddin, M. 2022. Islamic microfinance institutions, Indonesian economic democracy, and development. A Maqashid Approach System Perspective. Iqtisaduna, 8(1): 1–14
[24] Salahuddin, M. 2012. Towards humanistic-inclusive islamic law: analysis of jasser auda’s thoughts on Maqāsīd al-Sharīah. Ulumuna, 1(2): 103–124. DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v16i1.191
[25] Salahuddin, M., and Abdillah. 2022. Maqashid al-Shariah, social dialogue, and tourism development in Lombok. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 2213–2221. DOI:https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v13.8(64).13
[26] Salahuddin, M., Nurhilaiati, and Munir, Z. A. 2019. Entrepreneurship and economics of Pesantrens in Lombok Island. Shirkah Journal of Economics and Business, 4(2): 203–229.
[27] Schumpter, J. A. 2016. The Theory of Economic Development an Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and Bussiness Circle. The State University of New Jersey, 255 p. ISBN 978-0674879904
[28] Smith, E. D. 1977. Feminism and Marxism : A Place to Begin a Way to Go. New Star. 54pp. ISBN-10: 0919888712, ISBN-13: 978-0919888715
[29] Swain, M. B. 1995. Gender in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(2): 247–266. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(94)00095-6
[30] Syafruddin, S., Wadi, H., and Suud, S. 2020. The tourism industry and women’s occupational mobility in economic special zone Mandalika Kuta Lombok. Jurnal Society, 8(1):136–146.
[31] Tristanti, T., Nurhaeni, I. D. A., Mulyanto, M., and Sakuntalawati, R. D. 2022. The role of women in tourism: a systematic literature review. KnE Social Sciences, 545–554. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i5.10576
[32] Winengan, W. 2019. Local community resistance in Lombok Against tourism development policy. Masyarakat Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 32(1): 69–79. DOI:https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V32I12019.69-79
[33] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2021. The population of West Nusa Tenggara by Regency/City and gender (Soul), 2010-2020. Available at: https://ntb.bps.go.id/indicator/12/348/1/-sensus-penduduk-jumlah-penduduk-nusa-tenggara-barat-menurut-kabupaten-kota-dan-jenis-kelamin.html
Published
2023-03-31
How to Cite
SYAFRUDDIN, Syafruddin; SALAHUDDIN, Muh.; NURHILALIATI, Nurhilaliati.
Accessibility of Women's Empowerment in Tourism Industry from Mandalika Special Economic Zone.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 14, n. 2, p. 491 - 499, mar. 2023.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/7697>. Date accessed: 25 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.14.2(66).18.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2023. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.