Analysis of Kazakhstan-Japanese Relations in the Post-War and Their Influence on the Tourism Industry and Economic Development

  • Nurlan DULATBEKOV Academician Y.A. Buketov Karaganda State University, Kazakstan

Abstract

Analysis of both domestic and foreign literature made it possible to formulate research tasks, which were determined by the complexity and versatility of the problem, its relevance and novelty. All these factors made it necessary to focus the author's attention on such key aspects as the nature of Kazakh-Japanese relations in the post-war years, which subsequently influenced the socio-economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including the Karaganda region, which clearly demonstrates the role that Japanese prisoners of war played in the development of the economy of the Karaganda region in the first post-war years, and, consequently, in strengthening the material base of the social welfare of not only the inhabitants of the region, but also the republic as a whole. The aim of the study is to analyze the development of Kazakh-Japanese relations in the post-war years and their impact on the further development of the tourism industry and the economic situation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

References

[1] Abylkhozhina, J.B., Akulova, M.L. and Tsai, A.V. 2019. Living memory. Stalinism in Kazakhstan - Past, Memory, Overcoming. Almaty: Dyk-Press, 272 p.
[2] Adams, L.L. and Rustemova, A. 2019. Mass spectacle and styles of governmentality in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Europe-Asia Studies, 61(7): 1249–1276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09668130903068798
[3] Barnes, S. A. 2020. Remembering the Gulag in post-Soviet Kazakhstan. Museums of Communism: New memory sites in central and Eastern Europe. Indiana University Press, 7(11): 243-252. DOI:https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv174t7d7.8
[4] Brown, S., McDonagh, P., Shultz, C. 2018. Dark marketing: Ghost in the machine or skeleton in the cupboard? European Business Review, 24(2): 196–215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/095553412112224771
[5] Dissyukov, A. 2020. Kazakhstan-Japan Cooperation: The Role of Kazakh Diplomatic Institutions in the Formation of Bilateral Political Discourse. Area Studies Tsukuba, 12(41): 91-113. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/2241/00159914
[6] Dulatbekov, N.O., Allaniyazov, T.K., Zhumadilova, N.T. and Baimurynov, Zh.M. 2011. Japanese prisoners of war in the Karaganda region. Karaganda, 201p.
[7] Friedrich, M. and Johnston, T. 2017. Beauty versus tragedy: Thana tourism and the memorialisation of the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 11(4): 302–320. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2017.852565
[8] Hartmann, R. 2017. Dark tourism, thanatourism, and dissonance in heritage tourism management: New directions in contemporary tourism research. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 9(2):166–182. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2017.807266
[9] Harvey L. et al. 2017. Conflicts, battlefields, indigenous peoples and tourism: Addressing dissonant heritage in warfare tourism in Australia and North America in the twenty-first century. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(3): 257–271. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-05-2017-0038
[10] Lebedeva, I.P., Meshcheryakov, A.N. and Streltsov, D.V. 2018. Japanese phenomenon 2018 - Japanese type of culture. The Japanese phenomenon through the eyes of Russian Japanese scholars. Moscow: Aspect Press, 201p.
[11] Lennon, J.J. and Tiberghien, G. 2021. Ambiguity and dilution in Kazakhstan's Gulag heritage. Tourism Recreation Research, 12(34): 187-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2021.1875681
[12] Norris, S.M. 2021. Museums of Communism: New memory sites in central and Eastern Europe. Indiana University Press, 10(23): 74-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv174t7d7.3
[13] Ospanova, A. 2020. Kazakhstan celebrates its Independence Day. The Astana Times. Available at: https://astanatimes.com/2020/12/kazakhstan-celebrates-its-independence-day/
[14] Rakhimov, M. 2017. Central Asia in the Context of Western and Russian Interests. Dans L'Europe en Formation, 1(9): 140-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/eufor.375.0140
[15] Sharpley, R., Stone, P. 2018. The darker side of travel. Channel View Publications. Aspects of Tourism, 17(41): 169-177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845411169
[16] Toker, L. 2019. Gulag Literature and the Literature of Nazi Camps: An Intercontexual Reading. Indiana University Press: Jewish Literature and Culture, 344p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvpb3xrw
[17] Zagorulko, M.M., Sidorov, S.G. and Tsarevskaya, T.V. 2018. Prisoners of war in the USSR. Documents and materials. Moscow: Logos, 283-287 pp.
[18] Nomadic Travel. 2020. Back in the USSR Tour. Available at: http://nomadic.kz/tours-common/important/kazakhstan-back-in-the-ussr/
[19] Official resource of World Development Indicators (WDI). Available at: https://knoema.com
[20] Official resource of the Data of the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2012-2020. Available at: www.stat.gov.kz
Published
2021-09-30
How to Cite
DULATBEKOV, Nurlan. Analysis of Kazakhstan-Japanese Relations in the Post-War and Their Influence on the Tourism Industry and Economic Development. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 6, p. 1664-1675, sep. 2021. ISSN 2068-7729. Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/6445>. Date accessed: 23 apr. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v12.6(54).22.