The Right to Gender Equality in Tourism in the Context of Pandemic COVID-19 in the Canton Riobamba, Ecuador
Abstract
The main objective of this research is to analyze the right to gender equality in tourism in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in the canton of Riobamba, Ecuador. A methodology was used within the multi-layered modality. The study design was DEXPLIS, based on grounded theory and the inductive-deductive and analytical - synthetic methods were implemented by means of a descriptive analysis. A checklist was applied for data collection survey of a sample of women workers in the tourism sector and it was determined that in the context of the pandemic that humanity is going through, women as a vulnerable group will not only have significant impacts that compromise their empowerment but also that in addition, Ecuador does not have sustainable legal measures to address the sensitive realities that have led to the health crisis.
References
[1] Carvallo, M. 2009. Una mirada histórica a la vida de las mujeres en AAVV: Historia de Mujeres e Historia de Género en el Ecuador. Editorial IPANC.
[2] Cejas Martínez, M., Mendoza Velazco, D.J., Navarro Cejas, M. & Morales Corozo J.P. 2021. Pedagogical Leadership within the Framework of Human Talent Management: A Comprehensive Approach from the Perspec-tive of Higher Education in Ecuador. Integration of Education, 25(1): 8-21. Available at: http://eosj.mrsu.ru/index.php/edumag/article/download/673/167/
[3] Espinoza. Information collection methods and techniques. Retrieved May 24, 2021. Available at: http://www.bvs.hn.com
[4] Ferrajoli, L. 2020. Manifesto for equality. Editorial Trotta.
[5] Gómez C., 2017. Scientific research and forms of qualification: conceptual and practical aspects. Editorial Jurídica del Ecuador.
[6] Gurría, M. 2019. Introduction to tourism. Editorial Trillas.
[7] Hermi, M. and Blas- Garcia, M. 2020. The COVID in Spain and its first consequences Brazilian journal of economic geography. Brazilian Journal of Economic Geography, 17:1-20
[8] Hernandez, R., Fernandez, C. and Baptista. P. 2014. Methodology of the investigation. McGrawHill.
[9] Illicachi, J. 2018. Women in a plurinational and intercultural country, Ecuador. Journal of gender studies: the window, 48: 1-10.
[10] Llorente R. 2020. Impact of COVID-19 on the labour market: an analysis of vulnerable groups. Working Paper Series, 1: 2-29.
[11] Makki, A. and Bali, A. O. 2021. The Use of Social Media as a Platform in Education: Ramifications of COVID-19 in Iraq. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 10(3): 394. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0093
[12] Martínez, J. M. S. 2017. From formal equality to material equality. Previous issues and problems to review. Rights and Freedoms: Revista del Instituto Bartolomé de las Casas, 36: 55-89.
[13] Mendoza, D., Cejas, M., Rivas, G. and Varguillas, C. 2021. Anxiety as a prevailing factor of performance of university mathematics students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Education and science journal, 23(2): 94-113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2021-2-94-113
[14] Mera-Mamián, A.Y., et al. 2020. Practical recommendations to avoid physical conditioning during containment by the pandemic associated with COVID-19. Univ. Salud, 22(2): 166-177. DOI:https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.202202.188
[15] Navarro, M. 2017. Gender equality as a human right: an analysis from the perspective of international labour law. Editorial Jurídica del Ecuador.
[16] Navarro, M., Quiñonez, M., Tapia, J. and Machado, M. 2020. Gender Equality in Law and Tourism in Ecuador. Revista ORBIS, 16: 48-57.
[17] Orbegoso, M. 2016. Material equality as the end of the Social State. Ita Ius Esto Student Magazine, 1: 1-10.
[18] Otzen, T. and Manterola, C. 2017. Sampling techniques on a study population. Available at: https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000100037
[19] Pons, E. 2015. Gender equality and non-discrimination: basic legal concepts. Feminist Analysis of Law: theories, intercultural equality and gender violence (coordination of SÁNCHEZ A. and PUMAR BELTRÁN N.). Publications of the University of Barcelona.
[20] International Labour Organization. (2020b). COVID-19 and the world of work: Repercussions and responses.
[21] International Labour Organization. ILO information note. (2020a). The impact of COVID-19 on the tourism sector. Available at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_dialogue/---sector/documents/briefingnote/wcms_748876.pdf
[22] Ministry of Labour of Ecuador. Ministerial Agreement No. MDT-2020-077 of 15 March 2020. http://www.trabajo.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2020/03/Agreement-MDT-202-077.pdf
[23] Ministry of Labour of Ecuador. Ministerial Agreement No. MDT-2020-094 of 03 May 2020. https://www.fielweb.com/App_Themes/InformationInteres/MDT-2020-094.pdf
[24] UN Organization. Report on the Sustainable Development Goals. (2019) Geneva: United Nations. Retrieved May 15, 2021, from https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2019/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2019_Spanish.pdf
[25] United Nations Report. Millennium Development Goals. http://www.un.org/es/millenniumgoals/pdf/2015/mdg-report-2015_spanish.pdf
[26] United Nations Women’s Organization. Gender-sensitive responses to COVID 19. (2020) https://www.unwomen.org/es/digital-library/publications/2020/06/a-primer-for-parliamentary-action-gender-sensitive-responses-to-covid-19
[27] United Nations. Policy report: COVID-19 and the transformation of tourism. (2020) https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/policy_brief_covid-19_and_transforming_tourism_spanish.pdf
[28] United Nations. Sustainable Development Goals. http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/es/gender-equality/
[29] World Report on Women in Tourism (UNWTO). https://www.unwto.org/
[2] Cejas Martínez, M., Mendoza Velazco, D.J., Navarro Cejas, M. & Morales Corozo J.P. 2021. Pedagogical Leadership within the Framework of Human Talent Management: A Comprehensive Approach from the Perspec-tive of Higher Education in Ecuador. Integration of Education, 25(1): 8-21. Available at: http://eosj.mrsu.ru/index.php/edumag/article/download/673/167/
[3] Espinoza. Information collection methods and techniques. Retrieved May 24, 2021. Available at: http://www.bvs.hn.com
[4] Ferrajoli, L. 2020. Manifesto for equality. Editorial Trotta.
[5] Gómez C., 2017. Scientific research and forms of qualification: conceptual and practical aspects. Editorial Jurídica del Ecuador.
[6] Gurría, M. 2019. Introduction to tourism. Editorial Trillas.
[7] Hermi, M. and Blas- Garcia, M. 2020. The COVID in Spain and its first consequences Brazilian journal of economic geography. Brazilian Journal of Economic Geography, 17:1-20
[8] Hernandez, R., Fernandez, C. and Baptista. P. 2014. Methodology of the investigation. McGrawHill.
[9] Illicachi, J. 2018. Women in a plurinational and intercultural country, Ecuador. Journal of gender studies: the window, 48: 1-10.
[10] Llorente R. 2020. Impact of COVID-19 on the labour market: an analysis of vulnerable groups. Working Paper Series, 1: 2-29.
[11] Makki, A. and Bali, A. O. 2021. The Use of Social Media as a Platform in Education: Ramifications of COVID-19 in Iraq. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 10(3): 394. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0093
[12] Martínez, J. M. S. 2017. From formal equality to material equality. Previous issues and problems to review. Rights and Freedoms: Revista del Instituto Bartolomé de las Casas, 36: 55-89.
[13] Mendoza, D., Cejas, M., Rivas, G. and Varguillas, C. 2021. Anxiety as a prevailing factor of performance of university mathematics students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Education and science journal, 23(2): 94-113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2021-2-94-113
[14] Mera-Mamián, A.Y., et al. 2020. Practical recommendations to avoid physical conditioning during containment by the pandemic associated with COVID-19. Univ. Salud, 22(2): 166-177. DOI:https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.202202.188
[15] Navarro, M. 2017. Gender equality as a human right: an analysis from the perspective of international labour law. Editorial Jurídica del Ecuador.
[16] Navarro, M., Quiñonez, M., Tapia, J. and Machado, M. 2020. Gender Equality in Law and Tourism in Ecuador. Revista ORBIS, 16: 48-57.
[17] Orbegoso, M. 2016. Material equality as the end of the Social State. Ita Ius Esto Student Magazine, 1: 1-10.
[18] Otzen, T. and Manterola, C. 2017. Sampling techniques on a study population. Available at: https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000100037
[19] Pons, E. 2015. Gender equality and non-discrimination: basic legal concepts. Feminist Analysis of Law: theories, intercultural equality and gender violence (coordination of SÁNCHEZ A. and PUMAR BELTRÁN N.). Publications of the University of Barcelona.
[20] International Labour Organization. (2020b). COVID-19 and the world of work: Repercussions and responses.
[21] International Labour Organization. ILO information note. (2020a). The impact of COVID-19 on the tourism sector. Available at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_dialogue/---sector/documents/briefingnote/wcms_748876.pdf
[22] Ministry of Labour of Ecuador. Ministerial Agreement No. MDT-2020-077 of 15 March 2020. http://www.trabajo.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2020/03/Agreement-MDT-202-077.pdf
[23] Ministry of Labour of Ecuador. Ministerial Agreement No. MDT-2020-094 of 03 May 2020. https://www.fielweb.com/App_Themes/InformationInteres/MDT-2020-094.pdf
[24] UN Organization. Report on the Sustainable Development Goals. (2019) Geneva: United Nations. Retrieved May 15, 2021, from https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2019/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2019_Spanish.pdf
[25] United Nations Report. Millennium Development Goals. http://www.un.org/es/millenniumgoals/pdf/2015/mdg-report-2015_spanish.pdf
[26] United Nations Women’s Organization. Gender-sensitive responses to COVID 19. (2020) https://www.unwomen.org/es/digital-library/publications/2020/06/a-primer-for-parliamentary-action-gender-sensitive-responses-to-covid-19
[27] United Nations. Policy report: COVID-19 and the transformation of tourism. (2020) https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/policy_brief_covid-19_and_transforming_tourism_spanish.pdf
[28] United Nations. Sustainable Development Goals. http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/es/gender-equality/
[29] World Report on Women in Tourism (UNWTO). https://www.unwto.org/
Published
2021-09-30
How to Cite
CEJAS, Mercedes NAVARRO et al.
The Right to Gender Equality in Tourism in the Context of Pandemic COVID-19 in the Canton Riobamba, Ecuador.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 6, p. 1495-1503, sep. 2021.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/6429>. Date accessed: 04 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v12.6(54).06.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2024 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2024. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.