Examining the Relationship between Entrepreneurship Development Programs and Business Performance among Entrepreneurs in Tioman Island, Malaysia

Muhammad Abi Sofian Abdul HALIM; Khatijah OMAR; Jumadil SAPUTRA; Siti Nor Adawiyah Azzahra KAMARUDDIN; Md Khairul Azwan Md RAZALI

doi:10.14505//jemt.v12.3(51).24

Muhammad Abi Sofian Abdul HALIM Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development Malaysia Terengganu University, Malaysia
Khatijah OMAR Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development Malaysia Terengganu University, Malaysia
Jumadil SAPUTRA Faculty of Business, Economic and Social Development Malaysia Terengganu University, Malaysia
Siti Nor Adawiyah Azzahra KAMARUDDIN Faculty of Business, Economic and Social Development Malaysia Terengganu University, Malaysia
Md Khairul Azwan Md RAZALI Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development Malaysia Terengganu University, Malaysia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v12.3(51).24

Abstract

Malaysia is an ecotourism destination that attracts foreign tourists, like ecotourism destinations in Bali, Chiang-Mai, Hat Yai, Phuket, and Aceh. Tioman Island is one of the most beautiful island destinations in Southeast Asia and receives an abundance of foreign tourists every year. This influx of tourists has built a new market segment and ecotourism concept approach, especially to micro and small entrepreneurs in Tioman Island. Some micro and small ecotourism operators in Tioman Island face competition problems with some medium-level companies that offer more competitive tourism products. This study examines the relationship between entrepreneurship development programs and business performance among entrepreneurs in Tioman Island. The findings showed that technology application and market access have a significant positive effect on business performance. Besides that, three other variables, namely, business networking, business financing, and training skill, do not significantly affect the business performance among entrepreneurs in Tioman Island. In conclusion, two significant variables that have contributed to entrepreneur business performance in Tioman Island are technology application and market access. This study can provide opportunities for some micro and small entrepreneurs among the island community, such as lodging services, homestays, chalets, and recreational services.

References

[1] Ab Latif, A. A. 2011. Asas Keusahawanan Dan Pengurusan Perniagaan Kecil Dan Sederhana. Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
[2] Abdul Halim, M. A. S. and Khatijah, O. 2017. Perusahaan Berasaskan Komuniti Dalam Program Satu Daerah Satu Industri. Penerbit UMT, Terengganu
[3] Chen, C.C., Greene, P.G. and Crick, A. 1998. Does Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Distinguish Entrepreneurs from Managers. Journal of Business Venturing, 13 (4): 295–316.
[4] Dacko-Pikiewicz, Z. 2019. The Selected Aspects of Strategic Management in the City Divided by the Border in the Context of the Development of the Cross-Border Market of Cultural Services. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 9 (1): 130–44
[5] David, P. A. 2000. “Understanding Digital Technology’s Evolution and the Path of Measured Productivity Growth: Present and Future in the Mirror of the Past.” Understanding the Digital Economy: Data, Tools, and Research. MIT, Cambridge, MA
[6] DeFillippi, R. J., and Michael B. Arthur. 1998. Paradox in Project-Based Enterprise: The Case of Film Making. California Management Review, 40 (2): 125–39
[7] DeVellis, R. F. 2016. Scale Development: Theory and Applications. Sage Publications 26
[8] Elfring, T., and Hulsink, W. 2003. Networks in Entrepreneurship: The Case of High-Technology Firms. Small Business Economics, 21 (4): 409–22.
[9] Foster, B., Saputra, J. and Grabowska, M. 2020. Communication Strategy Planning in Influencing the Intention to Visit: An Implication to Marketing Management. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 22 (1): 117–133.
[10] Gelderen, M. V. 2007. Research Based yet Action Oriented: Developing Individual Level Enterprising Competencies.
[11] Ginanjar, I. R. et al. 2019. The Role of Supply Chain Management Consumer Attitude as Intervening between Brand Images, Perceived Value and Revisiting Intention. International Journal of Supply Chain Management 8 (4): 901–906.
[12] Kearney, C., Hisrich, R. D. and Roche, F. 2009. Public and Private Sector Entrepreneurship: Similarities, Differences or a Combination? Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development.
[13] Kottemann, J. E., and Boyer-Wright, K. M. 2009. Human Resource Development, Domains of Information Technology Use, and Levels of Economic Prosperity. Information Technology for Development, 19 (1): 32–42
[14] Kozicka, K., Kot, S. and I. Gede Riana. 2019. The Efficiency of Cooperation between the Participants in the Supply Chain in the Tourism-Related Branch of Industry in Relation to Client Satisfaction. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11 (17): 4716.
[15] Kriz, K., and Qureshi, S. 2009. The Role of Policy in the Relationship between ICT Adoption and Economic Development: A Comparative Analysis of Singapore and Malaysia. Policy, ICT Adoption, and Economic Development.
[16] McCormack, K. P., and Johnson, W.C. 2001. Business Process Orientation: Gaining the e-Business Competitive Advantage. CRC Press
[17] Meyer, D.F., Masehla, T. M. and Kot, S. 2017. The Relationship between Economic Growth and Economic Development: A Regional Assessment in South Africa. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, 8 (4).
[18] Natsuda, K., et al. 2012. One Village One Product–Rural Development Strategy in Asia: The Case of OTOP in Thailand. Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue Canadienne d’études Du Développement, 33 (3): 369–85.
[19] Salleh, I. M. 1990. Small and Medium Scale Industrialisation: Problems and Prospects. Institute of Strategic and International Studies.
[20] San, O. T., and Heng, T. B. 2011. “Capital Structure and Corporate Performance of Malaysian Construction Sector. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 1 (2): 28–36.
[21] Serafica, R. B., Hredzak, T. L. and Yuhua, B. Z. 2010. SME Market Access and Internationalization: Medium-Term KPIs for the SMEWG Strategic Plan. In . Singapore: APEC Secretariat
[22] Slusarczyk, B., Smolag, K. and Kot, S. 2016. The Supply Chain of a Tourism Product. Actual Problems of Economics, 179 (5)
[23] Soriano, Cheryll Ruth R. 2007. Exploring the ICT and Rural Poverty Reduction Link: Community Telecenters and Rural Livelihoods in Wu’an, China. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 32 (1).
[24] Tajeddini, K., Elg, U. and Trueman, M. 2013. Efficiency and Effectiveness of Small Retailers: The Role of Customer and Entrepreneurial Orientation. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 20 (5): 453–62.
[25] Trequattrini, R., Russo, G. and Lombardi, R. 2012. Network Governance: Organisational and Legal Profiles. Corporate Ownership & Control, 9 (4): 346–50
[26] Wróblewski, Ł., Dacko-Pikiewicz, Z. and Cuyler, A. C. 2017. The European Union Consumer Behaviour in the Festivals Market in Poland. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 16 (2): 302–14.
[27] Yahaya I. 2006. Komuniti Melayu Pulau Tioman: Isu Dan Cabaran Dalam Konteks Pembangunan Pelancongan. Jurnal Melayu. Available at: http://ejournal.ukm.my/jmelayu/article/download/4910/2471
[28] Yahaya I. 2007. Komuniti Pulau Dalam Era Pembangunan: Terpinggir Atau Meminggir. Akademia.
[29] Yusuf, A. 1995. Critical Success Factors for Small Business: Perceptions of South Pacific Entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business Management, 33 (2): 68.