An Investigation Into Medical Waste Management Practices In Hospitals In Northern Peninsula Malaysia
Abstract
The main aim of the study was toinvestigatethe medical waste management practices located in the north part hospitals in Malaysia. The northern part includes (Penang, Kedah, Perlis and Perak States). A questionnaire survey was mainly used for gathering information concerning different medical waste management aspects by identifying training services, segregation, and containers, storage, collection, transportation as well as ward attendants. Forty (40) hospitals (public and private) located in the above-mentioned stateswere targeted. The sample size of the whole study was 250 questionnaires; these questionnaires came from different hospitals where they located in the states of Penang, Kedah, Perlis, and Perak. As results, it was found from the analysis that although training programs were offered in the most places, there were not common centralized areas for training and even not applicable at all by 3.5% within the hospitals surveyed in Penang state accordingly to the administrative questionnaire. However, ongoing training programs either for old or new workers had been not identified. The responsibility for the waste to get segregated obviously not practiced by clear designated staff. Other numbers of problems that hospitals are facing in terms of medical waste managementinclude lack of sacks which are not totally subjected to tear, lack of provisional measures carried out to prohibit liquids running out from waste and not enough protective gear were used by workers. From the results of this study, it was clear that medical waste had not received sufficient attention according to WHO recommendation standard. Therefore, it was concluded that the majority of the examined areas had shown lack of practices in terms of segregation, collection, storage and transportation in dealing efficiently with medical waste management. In addition to that, all the interested parties (government, hospitals and workers at healthcare facilities) wrer recommended to implement a safe reliable medical waste management strategy, not only in legislation and policy formation but also particularly in its monitoring and enforcement, which can be achieved by the cooperation of Ministry of Health, Environmental Quality Authority, Ministry of Local Government, and Non-Governmental Organizations working in the same fields.
References
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[21] EL-Salam, A. and Magdy, M. 2010. Hospital waste management in El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt. Journal of Environmental Management, 91: 618-629. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.08.012
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[25] Gupta, S., Boojh, R., Mishra, A. and Chandra, H. 2009. Rules and management of biomedical waste at Vivekananda polyclinic: A case study. Waste Management, 2: 812-819. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.06.009
[26] Hagen, D.L., Al-Humaidi, F. and Blake, M.A. 2001. Infectious waste surveys in a Saudi Arabian hospital; An important quality improvement tool. American Journal of Infection Control, 29(3): 198-202. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1067/mic.2001.114224
[27] Halbwachs, H. 1994. Solid waste disposal in district facilities. World Health Forum, 15: 363-367.
[28] Houang, E.T.S., and Hurley, R. 1997. Anonymous questionnaire survey on the knowledge and practices of hospital staff in infection control. Journal of Hospital Infection, 35: 301-306. DOI:https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6701(97)90224-3
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[33] Lee, K.B., Ellenbecker, M.J., and Eraso, R.M. 2002. Analyses of the recycling potential of medical plastic wastes. Waste Management, 22: 461–470. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0956-053x(02)00006-5
[34] Manga, V.E., Forton, O.T., Mofor, L.A., and Woodard, R. 2011. Health care waste management in Cameroon: A case study from the Southwestern Region. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 57: 108-116. DOI: https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.10.002
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[37] Miyazaki, M. and Une, H. 2005. Infectious waste management in Japan: a revised regulation and a management process in medical institutions. Waste Management, 25 (6): 616–621. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2005.01.003
[38] Mohee, R. 2005. Medical wastes characterization in healthcare institutions in Mauritius. Journal of Waste Management, 25: 575-581. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2004.10.003
[39] Muhlich, M., Scherrer, M. and Daschner, F.D. 2003. Comparison of infectious waste management in European hospitals. Journal of Hospital Infection, 55: 260- 268. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2003.08.017
[40] NzoupeNgounou, S.A. and Viktor Popov. 2004. Hospital waste management in Britain: Good practices to be implemented in Cameroonian hospitals. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Waste Management and theEnvironment No2. Southampton, United Kingdom: WIT Press.
[41] Patil, G.V. and Pokhrel, K. 2005. Biomedical solid waste management in Indian hospital: A case study. Journal of Waste Management, 25: 592-599. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2004.07.011
[42] Pruess, A., Giroult, E. and Rushbrook, P. 1999. Safe management of wastes from healthcare activities, Handbook, World Health Organisation, Geneva.
[43] Razali, S.S. and Ishak, M.B. 2010. Clinical waste handling and obstacles. Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, 4 (2): 47-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4090/juee.2010.v4n2.047054
[44] Ruoyan, G., et al. 2010. Investigation of health care waste management in Binzhou, district, China. Waste Management, 30 (2): 246-250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.08.023
[45] Rushbrook, P., Chandra, C., and Gayton, S. 2000. Starting healthcare waste management in medical institutions–a practical approach.World Health Organization (WHO) Healthcare Practical Information Series.
[46] Salhofer and Isaac. 2002. Importance of public relations in recycling strategies. Principles and case studies, Environmental Management, 30: 68-76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-002-2615-9
[47] Sartaj, M. and Arabgol, R. 2015. Assessment of Healthcare Waste Management Practices and Associated Problems in Isfahan Province (Iran). Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 17: 99-106. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-014-0230-5
[48] Shinee, E., et al. 2008. Healthcare waste management in the capital city of Mongolia. Waste Management, 28: 435-441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.12.022
[49] Soliman, S.M. and Ahmed, A.I. 2007. Overview of biomedical waste management in selected Governorates in Egypt: a pilot study. Waste Management, 27 (12): 1920–1923. DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.08.009
[50] Taylor, L.J. 1988. Segregation, collection, and disposal of hospital laundry and waste. Journal of Hospital Infection, 11: 57-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0195-6701(88)90167-3
[51] Tsakona, M., Anagnostopoulou, E. and Gidarakos, E. 2007. Hospital waste management and toxicity evaluation: A case study. Waste Management, 27: 912-920. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.04.019
[52] Tudor, T., Noonan, C. and Jenkin, L. 2005. Healthcare waste management: a case study from the National Health Service in Cornwall, United Kingdom. Waste Management, 25: 606-615. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2004.10.004
[53] Umar Rn, A.B. and Yahaya, M. 2014. Hospital Waste Management Practices: A Case Study of Primary Health Care Centers, In Fagge Local Government Area, Kano State. Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 3(6): 2320–1940.
[54] Van Den Bos, A., and Izadpanah, A. 2002. A new partnership for handling medical waste. Environmental Protection, 13: 26-31.
[55] Verma, L.K. 2008. Biomedical waste management in nursing homes and smaller hospitals in Delhi. Waste Management, 28: 2723-2734. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.12.013
[56] Williams, E. 2005. International activities on E-waste and guidelines for future work.
[57] Yazie, T.D., Tebeje, M.G. and Chufa, K.A. 2019. Healthcare waste management current status and potential challenges in Ethiopia: a systematic review. BMC Research Notes, 12(285): 1-7. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4316-y
[58] Yong, Z., et al. 2009. Medical waste management in China. Waste Management, 29(4): 1376–1382. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.10.023
[59] Agency, U.S.E.P. 1991. The United States Environmental Protection Agency 1991 Hazardous Waste Report Instructions and Forms, The Agency.
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Published
2020-11-30
How to Cite
OMRAN, Abdelnaser; MOHAMMED, Mohammed Khalifa Abdelsalam.
An Investigation Into Medical Waste Management Practices In Hospitals In Northern Peninsula Malaysia.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 7, p. 1779-1798, nov. 2020.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/5730>. Date accessed: 23 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.11.7(47).18.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2024 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2024. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.