Ecological Condition of the Territories of the Former Military Test Site and Public Health
Abstract
Nuclear explosions, radiation accidents and tests at military training grounds cause technogenic pollution of soil, water, plants, which affect not only the environment, but also have a negative impact on human health. The purpose of the research was to study the environmental status and morbidity of the population of the territory of the former military test site "Emba-5". Generally accepted methods were used to research the content of radionuclides and heavy metals in soil, water and plant products. A retrospective analysis of the morbidity and mortality of the population of the Mugalzhar district (for the period of 1995-2018) was performed. Samples of soil, water and vegetation of the "Emba-5" site revealed an increased content of copper, presence of heavy metals (zinc, lead, manganese) and technogenic radionuclides (Cs-137 and Sr-90). The gamma background level of the Emba-5 test site is higher than the regional average. Since 2007, there has been an increase in the incidence of neoplasia, since 2010, the incidence of haemopathy and diseases of blood-forming organs, iron deficiency anaemia and diseases of the circulatory system. Since 2000, there has been an increase in mortality from diseases of the respiratory system and since 2011 – from the digestive system diseases.
References
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[37] Lomakin, E.V., Lurie, S.A., Rabinskiy, L.N., Solyaev, Y.O. 2018. Semi-inverse solution of a pure beam bending problem in gradient elasticity theory: The absence of scale effects. Doklady Physics 63(4): 161-164.
[38] Luo, Y.M., and Y. Teng. 2006. Status of soil pollution degradation and countermeasures in China. Soils 38(5): 505-508.
[39] Lurie, S.A., Kuznetsova, E.L., Rabinskii, L.N., Popova, E.I. 2015. Erratum to refined gradient theory of scale-dependent superthin rods. Mechanics of Solids 50(3): 368.
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[42] Pourcelot, L., D. Louvat, F. Gauthier-Lafaye, and P. Stille. 2003. Formation of radioactivity enriched soils in mountain areas. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 68(3): 215-233.
[43] Pourcelot, L., Steinmann, P., and Froidevaux, P. 2007. Lower variability of radionuclide activities in upland dairy products compared to soils and vegetation: Implication for environmental survey. Chemosphere 66(8): 1571-1579.
[44] Sapozhnikov, Yu.A., and R.A. Aliev. 2006. Environmental Radioactivity: Theory and Practice. Laboratory of Knowledge.
[45] Schmidt, A.G., and O.A. Matveychik. 2013. Radiological condition of the soil cover and crop production of the joint venture “Nizhneirtyshskoye” of the Sargatsky district of the Omsk region. Earth Sciences 4(12): 23-28.
[46] Thang, N.V., P.T.N. Han, V.X. Son, T.H. Trong, H.N.P. Thu, and L.C. Hao. 2019. Modelling the mitigation speeds of 137 Cs, 90Sr and 131I in the topsoils and assessment of the radiological hazards. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 169: 216-224.
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[51] Zhon, H., G. Randers-Pehrson, C.A. Waldren, D. Vannais, E.J. Haii, and T.K. Hei. 2000. Induction of a bystander mutagenic effect of alpha particles in mammalian cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97: 2099-2104.
[2] Alloway, B.J. (Ed.). 2013. Heavy Metals in Soils: Trace Metals and Metalloids in Soils and Their Bioavailability. Springer.
[3] Andrade, F.P.D., Alves, T.W.B., Lira, M.H.P.D., Menezes, M.E.D.S., Lima, I.O. 2018. Alternaria spp. In foods: Mycotoxins, cellular damage and possible health risk. Periodico Tche Quimica 15(30): 19-26.
[4] Ashurbekova, T.N., and E.M. Musinova. 2018. Study of soil pollution by heavy metals and assessment of the relationship of this pollution with cancer. Samara Scientific Herald 4(25): 10-14.
[5] Baimbetov A.K., Rzaev F.G., Nardaya Sh.G., Bizhanov K.A., Yergeshov K.A., Medeubekov U.Sh. 2018a. New trends in interventional arrhythmology: the experience of two centers in the cryoablation of atrial fibrillation. Journal of Arrhythmology, 92: 5-10. DOI: 10.25760/VA-2018-92-5-10.
[6] Baimbetov, A., Kuzhukeyev, M., Bizhanov, K., Ergeshov, K., Yakupova, I., Bozshagulov, T., Ismailova, G. 2018b. Atrial fibrillation ablation using second-generation cryoballoon. Cryoballoon ablation. New Armenian Medical Journal 12(1): 64-71.
[7] Balmukhanov, S.B., P.K. Kazymbet, Zh.A. Arzykulov, M. Hoshi, V.F. Stepanenko, and T.S. Balmukhanov. 2005. Radiobiology of alpha particles. Biomedical and environmental problems in uranium mining regions. Medical Journal Astana 3: 28-32.
[8] Bayalieva, R.A., M.I. Kenesarina, and M.K. Amrin. 2016. Assessment of the quality of the environment and the state of public health in the region of the Azgyr nuclear test site. Bulletin of KNNMU 3: 1-3.
[9] Begimbetova, G.A., A.T. Kanaev, B.M. Dzhienbaev, and Z.K. Kanaeva. 2009. Assessment of technogenic pollution of the soil cover of the Caspian region by radionuclides. Science and New Technologies 4: 112-115.
[10] Bensman, V.A. 2007. The state of the ecology of the territory and public health of the Taisoigan training ground. https://ecoservice.kz/index.php?route=article/article&apath=3&article_id=21.
[11] Berkinbaev, G.D., and V.A. Bensman. 2009. On the issue of industrial pollution of food products in the Aral Sea region and the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site. https://ecoservice.kz/index.php?route=article/article&apath=3&article_id=32.
[12] Bulychev, N.A., Kuznetsova, E.L., Bodryshev, V.V., Rabinskiy, L.N. 2018. Nanotechnological aspects of temperature-dependent decomposition of polymer solutions. International Journal of Nanomechanics Science and Technology 9(2): 91-97.
[13] Burges, A., L. Epelde, and C. Garbisu. 2015. Impact of repeated single-metal and multimetal pollution events on soil quality. Chemosphere 120: 8-15.
[14] Chai, Y., J. Guo, S.L. Chai, J. Cai, L.F. Xue, and Q.W. Zhang. 2015. Source identification of eight heavy metals in grassland soils by multivariate analysis from the Baicheng-Songyuan area, Jilin Province, Northeast China. Chemosphere 134: 67-75.
[15] Chawla, F., P. Steinmann, H.R. Pfeifer, and P. Froidevaux. 2010. Atmospheric deposition and migration of artificial radionuclides in Alpine soils (Val Piora, Switzerland) compared to the distribution of selected major and trace elements. Science of the Total Environment 408(16): 3292-3302.
[16] Corcho-Alvarado, J.A., B. Balsiger, H. Sahli, M. Astner, F. Byrde, S. Rӧllin, R. Holzer, N. Mosimann, S. Wüthrich, A. Jakob, and M. Burger. 2016. Long-term behavior of 90Sr and137 Cs in the environment: Case studies in Switzerland. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 160: 54-63.
[17] Dovidauskas, S., Okada, I.A., Iha, M.H., Cavallini, A.G., De Oliveira, M.A. 2018. Approach on detection of situation of potential risk to health, related to water quality: an example. Periodico Tche Quimica 15(29): 123-135.
[18] Dyakova, N.A., A.I. Slivkin, S.P. Gaponov, L.A. Kukueva, E.A. Maltsev, I.Yu. Mikhailovskaya, A.O. Mindra, and L.A. Velikanova. 2016. Assessment of the condition of soils of the central chernozem region in relation to pollution by natural and technogenic radionuclides. Collection of Scientific Papers of the All-Russian Research Institute of Sheep and Goat Breeding 9(1): 271-274.
[19] Flathman, P.E., and G.R. Lanza. 1998. Phytoremediation: current views on an emerging green technology. Journal of Soil Contamination 7(4): 415-432.
[20] GOST 17.4.3.01-83. Protection of Nature. The soil. General sampling requirements, 1983. http://docs.cntd.ru/document/gost-17-4-3-01-83.
[21] Guidance on Assessing Public Health Risk from Exposure to Chemicals that Pollute the Environment, 2004. http://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200037399.
[22] Hölgye, Z., and R. Filgas. 1995. Inventory of 238Pu and 239, 240Pu in the soil of Czechoslovakia in 1990. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 27(2): 181-189.
[23] Kenesariev, U., N. Zhakashov, I. Snytin, M. Amrin, and Ye. Sultanaliyev. 2008. Impact of Pollution on Animal Products. Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
[24] Kenesariev, U.I., N.B. Kozhakhmetov, Zh.D. Bekmambetova, and A.A. Ibraimova. 2009. Soil pollution in Western Kazakhstan as a result of nuclear missile tests. In: Proceedings of the V International Scientific and Practical Conference “Ecology. Radiation. Health”, dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the cessation of nuclear tests at the SINP (pp. 155-160). Semey State Medical University.
[25] Khan, S., Q. Cao, Y.M. Zheng, Y.Z. Huang, and Y.G. Zhu. 2008. Health risks of heavy metals in contaminated soils and food crops irrigated with wastewater in Beijing, China. Environmental Pollution 152: 686-692.
[26] Kibatayev, K., G. Urgushbayeva, D. Yegizbayeva, K. Shayakhmetova, G. Kalbagayeva, A. Kashkinbayeva, Yu. Zame, and G. Abasheva. 2017. Radiation environment of Kazakhstans Aktobe region territory. Ecology, Environment and Conservation 23(4): 2156-2162.
[27] Kibatayev, K.M. 2009. Hygienic Value of Ionizing Radiation Sources. Akpol Publishing House.
[28] Kibatayev, K.M., M.K. Iztleuov, B.M. Tazhigulova, V.M. Sabyrakhmetova, G.M. Urgushbayeva, A.T. Kaldybayeva, A.U. Turganbayeva, A.K. Zhakan, Zh.Sh. Madikhan, V.G. Manukov, F.A. Rabayeva, and G.K. Alpysbayeva. 2016. The content of heavy metals in the soil in Aktobe city. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education 11(18): 141405-141414.
[29] Kibatayev, K.M., S.K. Sakhanova, G.M. Urgushbayeva, A.A. Umirzak, P.S. Kim, and G.K. Kenzhegazova. 2018. The review of actual ecological situation in Aktobe region. Medical Journal of Western Kazakhstan 60(4): 18–22.
[30] Kibatayev, K.M., S.K. Sakhanova, G.M. Urgushbayeva, K.Sh. Tusupkaliyeva, E.I. Kussanova, and Zh.T. Nurgazin. 2019a. Condition of ecology of the Territory of the Mugalzchar district of the Aktobe Region. Minerva Medica 110(2): 98.
[31] Kibatayev, K.M., S.K. Sakhanova, G.M. Urgushbayeva, N.Zh. Zholdassova, K.B. Tazhgarina, and K.N. Shayakhmetova. 2019b. Incidence of the population of the Mugalzhar district of the Aktobe region. Minerva Medica 110(2): 99.
[32] Korneeva, N.A. 2001. Radioactive pollution of the environment and agriculture. Agrochemical Bulletin 3: 2-9.
[33] Kuznetsova, E.L., Kuznetsova, E.L., Rabinskiy, L.N., Zhavoronok, S.I. 2018. On the equations of the analytical dynamics of the quasi-3D plate theory of I.N. Vekua type and some their solutions. Journal of Vibroengineering 20(2): 1108-1117.
[34] Lettner, H., A. Griesebner, T. Peer, A. Hubmer, and M. Pintaric. 2006. Altitude dependent 137 Cs concentrations in different plant species in alpine agricultural areas. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 86(1): 12-30.
[35] Lettner, H., Hubmer, A., Bossew, P., Strebl, F., and Steinhäusler, F. 2009. Effective and ecological half-lives of 137 Cs in cow's milk in alpine agriculture. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 48(1): 47-56.
[36] Lomakin, E.V., Lurie, S.A., Belov, P.A., Rabinskii, L.N. 2017. Modeling of the localy-functional properties of the material damaged by fields of defects. Doklady Physics 62(1): 46-49.
[37] Lomakin, E.V., Lurie, S.A., Rabinskiy, L.N., Solyaev, Y.O. 2018. Semi-inverse solution of a pure beam bending problem in gradient elasticity theory: The absence of scale effects. Doklady Physics 63(4): 161-164.
[38] Luo, Y.M., and Y. Teng. 2006. Status of soil pollution degradation and countermeasures in China. Soils 38(5): 505-508.
[39] Lurie, S.A., Kuznetsova, E.L., Rabinskii, L.N., Popova, E.I. 2015. Erratum to refined gradient theory of scale-dependent superthin rods. Mechanics of Solids 50(3): 368.
[40] Lyutsko, A.B., I.V. Rolevich, and V.I. Ternov. 1990. Survive after Chernobyl. Vysshaya shkola.
[41] Maykanov, B.S., V.Yu. Popovich, S.T. Dyusembaev, and M.V. Zabolotnykh. 2016. The influence of technogenic factors on environmental objects and livestock products. Bulletin of Science of the Kazakh Agro Technical University named after S. Seifullin 1(88): 21-27.
[42] Pourcelot, L., D. Louvat, F. Gauthier-Lafaye, and P. Stille. 2003. Formation of radioactivity enriched soils in mountain areas. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 68(3): 215-233.
[43] Pourcelot, L., Steinmann, P., and Froidevaux, P. 2007. Lower variability of radionuclide activities in upland dairy products compared to soils and vegetation: Implication for environmental survey. Chemosphere 66(8): 1571-1579.
[44] Sapozhnikov, Yu.A., and R.A. Aliev. 2006. Environmental Radioactivity: Theory and Practice. Laboratory of Knowledge.
[45] Schmidt, A.G., and O.A. Matveychik. 2013. Radiological condition of the soil cover and crop production of the joint venture “Nizhneirtyshskoye” of the Sargatsky district of the Omsk region. Earth Sciences 4(12): 23-28.
[46] Thang, N.V., P.T.N. Han, V.X. Son, T.H. Trong, H.N.P. Thu, and L.C. Hao. 2019. Modelling the mitigation speeds of 137 Cs, 90Sr and 131I in the topsoils and assessment of the radiological hazards. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 169: 216-224.
[47] Ustavich, G.A., Y.G. Poshivailo, A.V. Dobrovsky, B.Zh. Akhmetov, and A.O. Poshivailo. 2016. Zoning and land surveying of lands adjacent to nuclear test sites for the purposes of their economic use. Land Management, Cadastre and Land Monitoring. Bulletin of SSUGiT 4(36): 145-160.
[48] Yang, B., Y. Onda, Y. Wakiyama, K. Yoshimura, H. Sekimoto, and Y. Ha. 2016. Temporal changes of radiocesium in irrigated paddy fields and its accumulation in rice plants in Fukushima. Environmental Pollution 208: 562-570.
[49] Zasorin, B.V., K.K. Sabyr, and A.Zh. Iskakov. 2010. Health risks from exposure to environmental factors in urban areas. Medical Journal of Western Kazakhstan 2(26): 89-94.
[50] Zholdassova, N.Zh., K.M. Kibatayev, A.I. Kaikan, A.M. Nurtleuova, D.N. Tulepbergenova, M.B. Sarsenbaev, and A.A. Koptleuov. 2019. Dental morbidity of the population of the former military polygon “Emba-5”. Minerva Medica 110(2): 32-33.
[51] Zhon, H., G. Randers-Pehrson, C.A. Waldren, D. Vannais, E.J. Haii, and T.K. Hei. 2000. Induction of a bystander mutagenic effect of alpha particles in mammalian cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97: 2099-2104.
Published
2020-04-22
How to Cite
KIBATAYEV, Kozy M. et al.
Ecological Condition of the Territories of the Former Military Test Site and Public Health.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. 12 - 23, apr. 2020.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/4630>. Date accessed: 18 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v11.1(41).02.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2023. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.