The Effects of Multinational Companies on Deforestation: The Building Block or Stumbling Block
Abstract
Trade liberalization and worldwide economic integration have brought not only an increase in wealth but also in transnational threats. Environmental devastation caused by commercial activities of multinational corporations (MNCs) is one of such threats. While almost all countries have environmental laws designed from pollution, the rules differ per country. Yet, only in the context of legally binding regulatory measures should multinationals be compelled to conduct business in an environmentally friendly manner.
References
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[5] Blackman, A. and Wu, X. 1999. Foreign Direct Investment in China’s Power Sector: Trends, Benefits, and Barriers. Energy Policy, 27(12): 695-711.
[6] Clapp, J. 2005. Global Environmental Governance for Corporate Responsibility and Accountability. Global Environmental Politics, 5(3): 23-34.
[7] Dura, C. and Driga, I. 2017. The Impact of Multinational Companies from Romania on Increasing the Level of Corporate Social Responsibility Awareness. Contemporary Economics, 11(1): 45-66.
[8] Eskeland, G. and Harrison, A. 2003. Moving to Greener Pastures? Multinationals and the Pollution-Haven Hypothesis. Journal of Development Economics, 70(1): 1-23.
[9] Kaimowitz, D. and Angelsen, A. 1998. Economic Models of Tropical Deforestation: A Review. Available at: www.cifor.cgiar.org/publications/pdf_files/Books/model.pdf
[10] Koyunen, C. and Yilmaz, R. 2009. The Impact of Corruption on Deforestation: A Cross-Country Evidence. The Journal of Developing Ideas, 42(2): 213-222.
[11] Laffiteau A., C. 2008. Environmental Rights Agreements between Non-Governmental Organizations and Multi-National Corporations: A Paper Alliance or A Marriage of Mutual Interest? Available at: http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/ffu/akumwelt/bc2008/papers/bc2008_10_Laffiteau.pdf
[12] Morimoto, T. 2005. Growing Industrialization and Our Damaged Planet: The Extraterritorial Application of Developed Countries: Domestic Environmental Laws to Transnational Corporations Abroad. Utrecht Law Review, 1(2): 134-159.
[13] Pattberg, P. 2005. What Role for Private Rule-Making in Global Environmental Governance: Analysing the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law, and Economics, 5(2): 175-189.
[14] Transparency International. 2008. Promoting Revenue Transparency: Report on Revenue Transparency of Oil and Gas Companies. Available at: http://transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/promoting_revenue_transparency
[15] Waluyo, T., Digdowiseiso, T., Putera, E.A.B., and Sugiyanto, E. 2019. The Costs of Reduction Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation: Concepts and Issues. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 10(1): 63-72.
[16] Warhust, A. and Bridge, G. 1997. Economic Liberalisation, innovation, and technology transfer opportunities for cleaner production in the minerals industry. Natural Resources Forum, 21(1): 1-12.
[17] Weber, A-K. and Partzsch, L. 2018. Barking Up the Right Tree? NGOs and Corporate Power for Deforestation-Free Supply Chains. Sustainaility, 10(11): 1-18.
[18] WWF. 2006. The Eleventh Hour for Riau’s Forest: Two Global Pulp and Paper Companies will Decide Their Fate. Available at: http://assets.wwfid.panda.org/downloads/bgr_06_2006_1.pdf
[19] Yeganeh, H. 2019. A Critical Examination of the Social Impacts of Large Multinational Corporations in the Age of Globalization. Critical Perspectives on International Business, forthcoming. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1108/cpoib-01-2019-0001
[20] Zarsky, L. 2006. From Regulatory Chill to Deep freeze? Journal of International Environmental Agreements, 6(4): 395-399.
Published
2020-04-08
How to Cite
DIGDOWISEISO, Kumba; SUGIYANTO, Eko.
The Effects of Multinational Companies on Deforestation: The Building Block or Stumbling Block.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. 5-11, apr. 2020.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/4544>. Date accessed: 21 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v11.1(41).01.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2024 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2024. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.