People and Nature in the Development of Border Tourism in Indonesia
Abstract
This paper aims to explain the importance of community support in the development of border tourism in Indonesia. Indonesia's border areas are generally lagging regions with very minimal public facilities. The paradigm shift in the border management area from security to prosperity puts the border area into a front-page. Border tourism then becomes one of the choices to encourage the progress of the border area. This study was conducted in 3 Indonesian border areas: Indonesia-Malaysia border, Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border, and Indonesia-Timor Leste border. Field observations and interviews have been conducted with residents in the border area and local government. Secondary sources such as publications and scientific journals are also used as research data. The result indicated that inter-community interaction between neighboring countries plays an important role in developing border tourism in Indonesia. Their involvement in the border festival and the trade transaction activities succeeded in increasing the popularity and number of visitors to the border. This proves that the key to the success of tourism development at the border is not solely due to infrastructure development or government support. The lack of access and facilities at the border can be overcome by maximizing community activities, including the participation in border festivals and ecotourism.
References
1. Azmi, Azila., Suria Sulaiman, Dian Aszyanti Atirah Mohd Asri, and Mohamad Azli Razali. 2015. Shopping Tourism and Trading Activities at the Border Town of Malaysia-Thailand: A Case Study in Padang Besar. International Academic Research Journal of Social Science 1 (2): 83-88.
2. Balaguer, Jacint. and Manuel Cantavella-Jorda. 2002. Tourism as a long-run Economic Growth Factor: The Spanish Case. Applied Economics 34: 877–884.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840110058923
3.Berita Raya. PLBN Terpadu Skouw Diresmikan Presiden Jokowi. Retrieved from https://www.beritarayaonline.co.id/plbn-terpadu-skouw-diresmikan-presiden-jokowi/
4. Biro Perencanaan dan Keuangan, Sekretariat Kementrian Pariwisata. 2017. Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Kementerian Pariwisata 2016. Jakarta. Kementerian Pariwisata. (in Indonesian)
5. Crouch, I. Crouch, J. R. Brent Ritchie. 1999. Tourism, Competitiveness and Societal Prosperity. Journal of Business Research 44. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00196-3
6. Dar, Hafizullah. 2014. The Potential of Tourism in Border Destinations: A study of Jammu and Kashmir. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 4 (2). SSN: 2223-814X Available at: www.ajhtl.com.
7. Data Pos Imigrasi Perbatasan Sota, Merauke, 2016. (in Indonesian)
8. Deputi Bidang Ekonomi Bappenas. Pembangunan Pariwisata Multilateral Meeting I Updated Hasil Kesepakatan Versi 2 Maret 2016. Retrieved from https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/penyusunan_rkp_2017 /seri_multilateral_meeting/Pembangunan_Pariwisata_Update_2_Maret_2016.pdf.(in Indonesian)
9. Detz, D. 1991. Festivals, Special Events and Tourism. New York. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
10. Dewi, Machya Astuti and Iva Rachmawati. 2018. The Barriers and Strategy of Sota’s Border Tourism Area Development. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 31(4): 400–409.https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V31I42018.400-409.
11. Dewi, Machya Astuti, Iva Rachmawati, Sri Issundari, and Meilan Sugiarto. 2019. Developing Border Tourism in Sota, Merauke through Tourism Festival. Paper presented at the 6th Annual International Conference on Social Sciences, July 29-31 & August 1, in Athens, Greece.
12. Direktorat Pengembangan Kawasan Khusus dan Tertinggal Deputi Bidang Otonomi Daerah dan Pengembangan Regional. 2003. Strategi dan Model Pengembangan Wilayah Perbatasan Kalimantan. Jakarta. Direktorat Pengembangan Kawasan Khusus dan Tertinggal Deputi Bidang Otonomi Daerah dan Pengembangan Regional. (in Indonesian)
13. Dritsakis, Nikolaos. 2004. Tourism as a long-run Economic Growth Factor: An Empirical Investigation for Greece Using a Causality Analysis. Tourism Economics. 10: 305-316. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000041895094
14. Durbarry, Ramesh. 2004. Tourism and Economic Growth: The Case of Mauritius. Tourism Economics. 10: 389-401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000042430962
15. Elena G, Kropinova. 2013. Cooperation between Russia and the EU in the field of innovative development of tourism: The case of the Lithuania - Poland - Russia cross-border cooperation programme. Baltic Region 4: 48–57. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2013-4-5.
16. Ekanayake, E. M., Aubrey E. Long. 2012. Tourism Development and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. The International Journal of Business and Finance Research. 6 (1). pp. 61-63, 2012. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1948704
17. Getz, Donald. 2008. Progress in Tourism Management Event Tourism: Definition, Evolution, and Research. Tourism Management 29 : 403–428. DOI:https://doi.org.10.1016/j.tourman.2007.07.017.
18. Hong-gang, Xu et.al. 2006. Effectiveness of Regional Tourism Integration. Case of Quadrangle Economic Cooperation Zone in Great Mekong Region. Chinese Geographical Science 16 (2): 141–147. (in Indonesian)
19. Hong, Goh, Tan Wan Hin & Fei Ern Ern. 2014. Border Town Issues in Tourism Development: The case of Perlis, Malaysia. Geografia OnlineTM Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. 10 (2): 68-79.
20. Irawan, Yohanes Kurnia. Tujuan Wisata Kelas Dunia di Perbatasan Itu Bernama Temajuk. Available at: http://travel.kompas.com/read/2017/11/10/151100227/tujuan-wisata-kelas-dunia-di-perbatasan-itu-bernama-temajuk.
21. Katircioglu, Salih Turan Katircioglu. 2009. Revisiting the Tourism-led-growth Hypothesis for Turkey Using the Bounds Test and Johansen Approach for Cointegration. Tourism Management 30: 17-20. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.04.004
22. Kim, Hyun Jeong, Ming-Hsiang Chen, SooCheong ‘‘Shawn’’ Jang. 2006. Tourism Expansion and Economic Development: The Case of Taiwan. Tourism Management 27(5): 925–933. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.011.
23. Korneevets, Valentin, Elena G. Kropinova, Irina I. Dragileva. 2015. The Current Approaches to the Transborder Studies in the Sphere of Tourism. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 5 (2S): 65–73
24. Kreishan, F. M. M. 2010. Tourism and Economic Growth: The Case of Jordan. European Journal of Social Sciences, 15 (2): 229-234.
25. Lanza, Alessandro, Paul Temple, Giovanni Urga. 2003. The Implications of Tourism Specialization in the Long-Run: An Econometric Analysis for 13 OECD Economies. Tourism Management, 24: 315–321. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00065-1
26. Lee, Chien-Chiang, Chun-Ping Chang 2008. Tourism Development and Economic Growth: A Closer Look at Panels. Tourism Management. 29: 180-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.02.013
27. López-Guzmán, Tomáz., Francisco Orgaz-Argüera & Manuel Alector Ribeiro. 2015. Contributions of gastronomy for developing border tourist destinations: A case study. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento: 9–20.
28. Lóránt, David., Toth Géza, Bujdoso Zoltán, and Remenyik Bulcsú. 2011. The Role of Tourism in the Development of Border Regions in Hungary. Revista Romana de Economie 33 (2): 109–124.
29. Majstorović, Vukica., Ugljesa Stankov, & Sanja Stojanov. 2013. Border regions as the tourist destination. Škola Biznisa 2: 15–29. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5937/skolbiz1302015M.
30. Media Indonesia. Jokowi Resmikan PLBN Skouw di Papua. Available at: http://mediaindonesia.com /news/read/103975/jokowi-resmikan-plbn-skouw-di-papua/2017-05-09. (in Indonasian)
31. Nugroho, Kusno. 2018. Implementasi Pengembangan Pariwisata di Pantai Kelapa Kelurahan Panyuran Kecamatan Palang Kabupaten Tuban. DIA: Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik 16 (1): 39–49. DOI:https://doi.org/10.30996/dia.v16i1.1914.
32. Narayan, Paresh Kumar. 2004. Economic impact of tourism on Fiji’s economy: Empirical evidence from the computable general equilibrium model. Tourism Economics 10: 419–433.
33. Obodovska, Valentyna. 2017. Contemporary directions of Tourism Policy in Poland and Ukraine. Geography and Tourism 5(1): 31–40.DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.829693.
34. Oh, Chi-Ok 2005. The Contribution of Tourism Development to Economic Growth in the Korean Economy. Tourism Management 26: 39-44. DOI:10.1016/j.tourman.2003.09.014
35. Rachmawati, Iva and Machya Astuti Dewi. 2019. Paradiplomacy Roles in Border Diplomacy (Case Study: Camar Bulan, Temajok, West Kalimantan, Indonesia). Paper presented at the 6th Annual International Conference on Social Sciences, July 29-31 & August 1, in Athens, Greece.
36. Skäremo, Gustav.Cross-Border Tourism Development: A CaseSstudy of the Öresund Region. Available at: https: //www.divaportal.org/smash/get/diva2:944065/FULLTEXT01.pdf.
37. Somnuek, Pariwat. 2017. Potential of Tourism Logistic Service Business in the Border Areas of Chong Anma, Chong Sa-Ngam, and Chong Jom Checkpoints in Thailand to Increase Competitive Efficiency among the ASEAN Community. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1129876.
38. Stepanova, S. V. 2017. Russia’s North-West Borders: Tourism Resource Potential. Baltic Region 9(2): 76–87. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2017-2-6.
39. Swarbrooke, J. 1995. Heritage Tourism in to 21st Century”. In Seaton (ed). Tourism: The State of Art. Chichester: Wiley.
40. Taczanowska, Karolina. The Potentials for Developing Cross-border Tourism between Poland and Slovakia in the Tatra Mountain. Retrieved from http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/ workingpapers/2004/mwp002.html
41. Vuković Milovan, Danijela Voza, Dejan Riznić D. 2011. Possibility for Improvement of Specific Types of Tourism in Border Municipalities in The North-East Serbia. Teme, 35(4): 1455–1473.
42.Zhang, Shengrui, Linsheng Zhong, Hongrun Ju, Yingjie Wang. 2019. Land Border Tourism Resources in China: Spatial Patterns and Tourism Management. Sustainability, 11(1): 236. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010236.
43. *** Melintas Perbatasan Indonesia-Papua Nugini lewat Pos Skouw Wutung]. Available at: https://www.jpnn.com/news/melintas-perbatasan-indonesia-papua-nugini-lewat-pos-skouw-wutung-1
44. Detik.com. Jokowi Bangun 146 Km Jalan Baru di Perbatasan Kalimantan 2017. Available at: https: //finance.detik.com/infrastruktur/3801698/jokowi-bangun-146-km-jalan-baru-di-perbatasan-kalimantan-2017
2. Balaguer, Jacint. and Manuel Cantavella-Jorda. 2002. Tourism as a long-run Economic Growth Factor: The Spanish Case. Applied Economics 34: 877–884.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840110058923
3.Berita Raya. PLBN Terpadu Skouw Diresmikan Presiden Jokowi. Retrieved from https://www.beritarayaonline.co.id/plbn-terpadu-skouw-diresmikan-presiden-jokowi/
4. Biro Perencanaan dan Keuangan, Sekretariat Kementrian Pariwisata. 2017. Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Kementerian Pariwisata 2016. Jakarta. Kementerian Pariwisata. (in Indonesian)
5. Crouch, I. Crouch, J. R. Brent Ritchie. 1999. Tourism, Competitiveness and Societal Prosperity. Journal of Business Research 44. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00196-3
6. Dar, Hafizullah. 2014. The Potential of Tourism in Border Destinations: A study of Jammu and Kashmir. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 4 (2). SSN: 2223-814X Available at: www.ajhtl.com.
7. Data Pos Imigrasi Perbatasan Sota, Merauke, 2016. (in Indonesian)
8. Deputi Bidang Ekonomi Bappenas. Pembangunan Pariwisata Multilateral Meeting I Updated Hasil Kesepakatan Versi 2 Maret 2016. Retrieved from https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/penyusunan_rkp_2017 /seri_multilateral_meeting/Pembangunan_Pariwisata_Update_2_Maret_2016.pdf.(in Indonesian)
9. Detz, D. 1991. Festivals, Special Events and Tourism. New York. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
10. Dewi, Machya Astuti and Iva Rachmawati. 2018. The Barriers and Strategy of Sota’s Border Tourism Area Development. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 31(4): 400–409.https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V31I42018.400-409.
11. Dewi, Machya Astuti, Iva Rachmawati, Sri Issundari, and Meilan Sugiarto. 2019. Developing Border Tourism in Sota, Merauke through Tourism Festival. Paper presented at the 6th Annual International Conference on Social Sciences, July 29-31 & August 1, in Athens, Greece.
12. Direktorat Pengembangan Kawasan Khusus dan Tertinggal Deputi Bidang Otonomi Daerah dan Pengembangan Regional. 2003. Strategi dan Model Pengembangan Wilayah Perbatasan Kalimantan. Jakarta. Direktorat Pengembangan Kawasan Khusus dan Tertinggal Deputi Bidang Otonomi Daerah dan Pengembangan Regional. (in Indonesian)
13. Dritsakis, Nikolaos. 2004. Tourism as a long-run Economic Growth Factor: An Empirical Investigation for Greece Using a Causality Analysis. Tourism Economics. 10: 305-316. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000041895094
14. Durbarry, Ramesh. 2004. Tourism and Economic Growth: The Case of Mauritius. Tourism Economics. 10: 389-401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000042430962
15. Elena G, Kropinova. 2013. Cooperation between Russia and the EU in the field of innovative development of tourism: The case of the Lithuania - Poland - Russia cross-border cooperation programme. Baltic Region 4: 48–57. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2013-4-5.
16. Ekanayake, E. M., Aubrey E. Long. 2012. Tourism Development and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. The International Journal of Business and Finance Research. 6 (1). pp. 61-63, 2012. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1948704
17. Getz, Donald. 2008. Progress in Tourism Management Event Tourism: Definition, Evolution, and Research. Tourism Management 29 : 403–428. DOI:https://doi.org.10.1016/j.tourman.2007.07.017.
18. Hong-gang, Xu et.al. 2006. Effectiveness of Regional Tourism Integration. Case of Quadrangle Economic Cooperation Zone in Great Mekong Region. Chinese Geographical Science 16 (2): 141–147. (in Indonesian)
19. Hong, Goh, Tan Wan Hin & Fei Ern Ern. 2014. Border Town Issues in Tourism Development: The case of Perlis, Malaysia. Geografia OnlineTM Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. 10 (2): 68-79.
20. Irawan, Yohanes Kurnia. Tujuan Wisata Kelas Dunia di Perbatasan Itu Bernama Temajuk. Available at: http://travel.kompas.com/read/2017/11/10/151100227/tujuan-wisata-kelas-dunia-di-perbatasan-itu-bernama-temajuk.
21. Katircioglu, Salih Turan Katircioglu. 2009. Revisiting the Tourism-led-growth Hypothesis for Turkey Using the Bounds Test and Johansen Approach for Cointegration. Tourism Management 30: 17-20. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.04.004
22. Kim, Hyun Jeong, Ming-Hsiang Chen, SooCheong ‘‘Shawn’’ Jang. 2006. Tourism Expansion and Economic Development: The Case of Taiwan. Tourism Management 27(5): 925–933. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.011.
23. Korneevets, Valentin, Elena G. Kropinova, Irina I. Dragileva. 2015. The Current Approaches to the Transborder Studies in the Sphere of Tourism. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 5 (2S): 65–73
24. Kreishan, F. M. M. 2010. Tourism and Economic Growth: The Case of Jordan. European Journal of Social Sciences, 15 (2): 229-234.
25. Lanza, Alessandro, Paul Temple, Giovanni Urga. 2003. The Implications of Tourism Specialization in the Long-Run: An Econometric Analysis for 13 OECD Economies. Tourism Management, 24: 315–321. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00065-1
26. Lee, Chien-Chiang, Chun-Ping Chang 2008. Tourism Development and Economic Growth: A Closer Look at Panels. Tourism Management. 29: 180-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.02.013
27. López-Guzmán, Tomáz., Francisco Orgaz-Argüera & Manuel Alector Ribeiro. 2015. Contributions of gastronomy for developing border tourist destinations: A case study. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento: 9–20.
28. Lóránt, David., Toth Géza, Bujdoso Zoltán, and Remenyik Bulcsú. 2011. The Role of Tourism in the Development of Border Regions in Hungary. Revista Romana de Economie 33 (2): 109–124.
29. Majstorović, Vukica., Ugljesa Stankov, & Sanja Stojanov. 2013. Border regions as the tourist destination. Škola Biznisa 2: 15–29. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5937/skolbiz1302015M.
30. Media Indonesia. Jokowi Resmikan PLBN Skouw di Papua. Available at: http://mediaindonesia.com /news/read/103975/jokowi-resmikan-plbn-skouw-di-papua/2017-05-09. (in Indonasian)
31. Nugroho, Kusno. 2018. Implementasi Pengembangan Pariwisata di Pantai Kelapa Kelurahan Panyuran Kecamatan Palang Kabupaten Tuban. DIA: Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik 16 (1): 39–49. DOI:https://doi.org/10.30996/dia.v16i1.1914.
32. Narayan, Paresh Kumar. 2004. Economic impact of tourism on Fiji’s economy: Empirical evidence from the computable general equilibrium model. Tourism Economics 10: 419–433.
33. Obodovska, Valentyna. 2017. Contemporary directions of Tourism Policy in Poland and Ukraine. Geography and Tourism 5(1): 31–40.DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.829693.
34. Oh, Chi-Ok 2005. The Contribution of Tourism Development to Economic Growth in the Korean Economy. Tourism Management 26: 39-44. DOI:10.1016/j.tourman.2003.09.014
35. Rachmawati, Iva and Machya Astuti Dewi. 2019. Paradiplomacy Roles in Border Diplomacy (Case Study: Camar Bulan, Temajok, West Kalimantan, Indonesia). Paper presented at the 6th Annual International Conference on Social Sciences, July 29-31 & August 1, in Athens, Greece.
36. Skäremo, Gustav.Cross-Border Tourism Development: A CaseSstudy of the Öresund Region. Available at: https: //www.divaportal.org/smash/get/diva2:944065/FULLTEXT01.pdf.
37. Somnuek, Pariwat. 2017. Potential of Tourism Logistic Service Business in the Border Areas of Chong Anma, Chong Sa-Ngam, and Chong Jom Checkpoints in Thailand to Increase Competitive Efficiency among the ASEAN Community. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1129876.
38. Stepanova, S. V. 2017. Russia’s North-West Borders: Tourism Resource Potential. Baltic Region 9(2): 76–87. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2017-2-6.
39. Swarbrooke, J. 1995. Heritage Tourism in to 21st Century”. In Seaton (ed). Tourism: The State of Art. Chichester: Wiley.
40. Taczanowska, Karolina. The Potentials for Developing Cross-border Tourism between Poland and Slovakia in the Tatra Mountain. Retrieved from http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/ workingpapers/2004/mwp002.html
41. Vuković Milovan, Danijela Voza, Dejan Riznić D. 2011. Possibility for Improvement of Specific Types of Tourism in Border Municipalities in The North-East Serbia. Teme, 35(4): 1455–1473.
42.Zhang, Shengrui, Linsheng Zhong, Hongrun Ju, Yingjie Wang. 2019. Land Border Tourism Resources in China: Spatial Patterns and Tourism Management. Sustainability, 11(1): 236. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010236.
43. *** Melintas Perbatasan Indonesia-Papua Nugini lewat Pos Skouw Wutung]. Available at: https://www.jpnn.com/news/melintas-perbatasan-indonesia-papua-nugini-lewat-pos-skouw-wutung-1
44. Detik.com. Jokowi Bangun 146 Km Jalan Baru di Perbatasan Kalimantan 2017. Available at: https: //finance.detik.com/infrastruktur/3801698/jokowi-bangun-146-km-jalan-baru-di-perbatasan-kalimantan-2017
Published
2020-01-01
How to Cite
RACHMAWATI, Iva et al.
People and Nature in the Development of Border Tourism in Indonesia.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 6, p. 1420-1428, jan. 2020.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/4218>. Date accessed: 04 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v10.6(38).25.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2024 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2024. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.