Economics Impacts of Cross-Border Tourism
Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the impacts of Thai-Laos cross-border tourism to employment in Nakhonphanom, Thailand with the expenditure data of the respondents who come to important attractive places of this province. The inter-industry linkages of the 16 economic sectors for 2012 were analyzed using the Input-Output model. The study shows that the total expenditure on the trip can separate into 6 sections. The major expenditure of visitors is accommodation, followed by food and beverages, local transportation, shopping and retail trade, recreational activities and tourism service. The average expense of tourist was approximately 220.24 USD per trip per person. The analysis of the impact of the tourism industry to employment in Nakhonphanom shows that the spending of tourists can cause the total employment in Nakhonphanom province of 30,179 persons and it causes the direct employment lowers than the indirect employment. The most employment is from the service sector and the others are from the agricultural sector and industry sector, respectively. The result finds that the major cause of the impact of the expenditure on employment is the expenditure for the service as hotels and restaurants.References
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[5] Khanal, B.R. (2011). An Economic Analysis of the Lao PDR Tourism Industry. Ph.D. Philosophy in Economics, Lincoln University, New Zealand.
[6] Laakso, S., Kostiainen, E., Kalvet, T., Velström, K. (2013). Economic flows between Helsinki-Uusimaa and Tallinn-Harju regions. Helsinki-Tallinn Transport and Planning Scenarios project.
[7] Leontief, W.W. (1953). Interregional Theory, in Leontief et al. (1953). Studies in the Structure of the American Economy. New York: Oxford University Press.
[8] Mazumder, M.N.H., Ahmed, E.M., Raquib, M.A. (2011). Estimating Total Contribution of Tourism to Malaysian Economy. International Journal of Business, Management and Social Sciences, 2(3): 29-34.
[9] Sansuthikul, P. (1999). The Economic Impact of Tourists Expenditure in Thailand: A Case Study of International Tourists Year 1996. Master thesis, M.S., Kasetsart University, Thailand.
[10] Sintok, P. (2004). The effect of tourist's expenditure for the income and employment in the North East of Thailand: regional input-output table. Master thesis, M.Ec., Thammasat University, Thailand.
[11] Schneider, M.H., Zenios, S.A. (1990). A Comparative Study of Algorithms for Matrix Balancing. Operations Research, 38(3): 439–455.
[12] Stynes, D. J. (1997). Economic Impacts of Tourism: A Handbook for Tourism Professionals. Retrieved December 12, 2014, from http://fama2.us.es:8080/turismo/turismonet1/economia%20del%20turismo /economia%20del%20turismo/economic%20impacts%20of%20tourism.pdf
[13] Sugiyarto, G., Blake, A., Sinclair, M.T. (2014). Tourism and globalization: Economic Impact in Indonesia. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(3): 683–701.
[14] Sullivan, P., Bonn, M.A., Bhardwaj, V., Dupint, A. (2012). Mexican national cross-border shopping: Exploration of retail tourism. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 19: 596–604.
[15] Surugiu, C., Frent, C., Surugiu, M. (2009). Tourism and Its Impact upon the Romanian Economy: An Input-Output Approach. Analele Științifice ale Universității Alexandru Ioan Cuza din Iași, Stiinte Economice, 56: 355–376.
[16] Tang, C.F., Tan, E.C. (2014). Does tourism effectively stimulate Malaysia's economic growth? Tourism Management, 46: 158–163.
[17] Ten Raa, T. (2009). Input-output economics: theory and applications: featuring Asian economics. World Scientific: Singapore.
[18] Vellas, F. (2011). The Indirect Impact of Tourism: An Economic Analysis. Paper presented at the Third Meeting of T20 Tourism Ministers. Paris, France.
*** Euromonitor International. (2014). Tourism Flows Outbound in Thailand. Retrieved December 10, 2014, from http://www.euromonitor.com/tourism-flows-outbound-in-thailand/report#
Published
2016-11-10
How to Cite
CHANCHARAT, Surachai; SOMSAWAS, Jintana.
Economics Impacts of Cross-Border Tourism.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 1, p. 44-51, nov. 2016.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/371>. Date accessed: 25 apr. 2024.
Section
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism
Keywords
employment; input-output analysis; Thailand; Laos
Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2023. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.