Development of Arctic Natural Resources by the Industrialized Countries in the Context of Energy, Ecological and Economic Security
Abstract
This article is devoted to the study and generalization of the most problematic aspects associated with the development of the Arctic zone. The purpose of this article is to analyze the ratio of social and economic benefits and potential environmental hazards that could lead to catastrophic consequences for the whole of modern civilization. To achieve this goal, the problems have been solved associated with historic overview of the periods of global expansion and development of the Arctic, research of the development of technologies that are used or will be used for development of the Arctic, research and analysis of potential environmental risks that may arise as a result of the aggressive expansion of the Arctic coastal and other states.References
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*** Green Economy. Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication. UNEP. Available at: http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/Portals/88/document_Final_Dec2011.pdf.
*** Development of the North and the Arctic: Challenges and Prospects. Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific-Practical Conference, Apatity, November 2013. Kolsk Scientific Center of RAS. Available at: http://www.iep.kolasc.net.ru/ tezis2013.pdf
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*** UN Convention on the Law of Sea. The official website of the United Nations. Available at: http://www.un.org/ depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_r.pdf
[2] Bushuyev, V.V., and Gromov, A.I. 2013. Energy-ecological-economic concept of sustainable development of civilization. Partnership of Civilizations. 4: 203-212.
[3] Bushuyev, V. 2014. Mixed power economy: role of renewable energy and local resources. Institute of Energy Strategy research. Available at: http://www.energystrategy.ru/present/present.htm
[4] Chai, J., Y. Yang, and Xing, L. 2015. Oil price and economic growth: An improved asymmetric co-integration approach. International Journal of Global Energy Issues, 38(4-6): 278-285.
[5] Chapple, K. 2008. Defining the Green Economy: A Primer on Green Economic Development. The Center for Community Innovation (CCI) at UC-Berkeley. Berkeley, November.
[6] Chater, J. 2012. Last Frontier: Arctic Oil and Gas. Valve World. March: 66-68.
[7] Cooke, K. 2011. The promise and the problems of developing the Arctic. Proceedings of the 20th World Petroleum Congress, Doha.
[8] Cordeiro, J. 2010. Energy 2020: A vision of the future. Creating Global Strategies for Humanity's Future. MD: World Future Society.
[9] Davies, E., and Simonovic, S. 2009. Energy Sector for the Integrated System Dynamics Model for Analyzing Behaviour of the Social-Economic-Climatic Model. The University of Western Ontario Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.
[10] Dudin, M.N., Ljasnikov, N.V., Kuznecov, A.V., and Fedorova, I. Ju. 2013. Innovative transformation and transformational potential of socio-economic systems. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 17(10): 1434-1437.
[11] Dudin, M.N. 2015. National priorities in the field of institutional and innovative subsoil management of Arctic territories. National interests: Priorities and Security, Moscow: Publishing house Finance and Credit, 8(293): 13-23.
[12] Farré, A.B., and Stephenson, S.R., Chen, L., Czub, M., Dai, Y., Demchev, D., and Wighting, J. 2014. Commercial Arctic shipping through the Northeast Passage: routes, resources, governance, technology, and infrastructure. Polar Geography, 37(4): 298–324.
[13] Florini, A., and Sovacool, B.K. 2009. Who governs energy? The challenges facing global energy governance. Energy Policy, 37(12): 5239-5248.
[14] Goldthau, A., and Witte, J.M. 2009. Global Energy Governance: The New Rules of the Game. Brookings Institution.
[15] Harsem, Ø., Eide, A., and Heen, K. 2011. Factors influencing future oil and gas prospects in the Arctic. Energy Policy, 39(12): 8037–8045.
[16] Heinz, A. 2015. Henry Kissinger: "If You Can’t Hear the Drums of War You Must Be Deaf" (Global Research). Global Research Centre for Research on Globalization. Available at: http://www.globalresearch. ca/accurate-satire-henry-kissingerfree
[17] Humrich, C. 2013. Fragmented International Governance of Arctic Offshore Oil: Governance Challenges and Institutional Improvement. Global Environmental Politics, 13(3): 79–99.
[18] Komkov, N.I., Dudin, M.N., and Lyasnikov, N.V. 2014. Modernization of the national energy system as a geopolitical factor of sustainable development. MID - Modernization. Innovation. Development, 2(18): 4-10.
[19] LaBelle, M., and Goldthau, A. 2014. Escaping the valley of death? Comparing shale gas technology policy prospects to nuclear and solar in Europe. Journal of World Energy Law and Business. 7(2): 93-111.
[20] Lukin, Yu.F. 2010. Great redistribution of the Arctic. Arkhangelsk: Northern (Arctic) Federal University.
[21] Mazur, I.I. 2010. Arctic as a bifurcation point in the development of the global world. Age of Globalization. 2(6): 93-104.
[22] Michael, P., and Croissant, B.A. 1999. Oil and Geopolitics in Caspian Sea Region. Washington: Library of Congress USA.
[23] Mochalov, R.A. 2013. Key issues and features of the development of hydrocarbon deposits on the shelf of the Arctic and Far Eastern seas. Interexpo Geo-Siberia. 3: 1.
[24] Moran, D., and Russell, J. 2009. Energy Security and Global Politics. The militarization of resource management. Routledge.
[25] Nekipelov, A.D., and Makosko, A.A. 2011. Prospects for basic scientific research in the Arctic. Arctic: Ecology and Economics. 4: 14-22.
[26] Pavlenko, V.I. 2010. Problems and prospects of development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and provision of national interests in the Arctic. Arkhangelsk Scientific Center of UD RAS. Available at: http://www.arhsc.ru/data/files/2010_03_31/materialy2010/ms11_Pavlenko.pdf
[27] Pilyavskiy, V. 2011. Arctic as a center of geopolitical and economic interests. Russia Today and Tomorrow. 4: 1-4.
[28] Shvets, N.N., and Beresneva, P.V. 2014. Oil and gas resources in the Arctic: legal status, assessment of reserves and economic feasibility of their development. MGIMO bulletin. Available at: http://www.vestnik. mgimo.ru/sites/default/files/pdf/007_04-2014_miep.pdf
[29] Smith, L.C. 2010, 2012. The New North – the World in 2050. Profile Books.
[30] Tymoshenko, A.I. 2014. Russia in the Arctic: challenges of historical study. Scientific archive of the Ural Federal University. http://elar.urfu.ru/bitstream/10995/30318/1/uibch_2014_1-25.pdf
[31] Weijermars, R. 2010. Value chain analysis of the natural gas industry. Lessons from the US regulatory success and opportunities for Europe. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2(2-3): 86-104.
[32] Winzer, C. 2011. Conceptualizing Energy Security. University of Cambridge. Electricity Policy Research Group.
[33] Yergin, D. 2008. Ensuring Energy Security. The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power. Free Press.
*** Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy. Official site of the Arctic Council. Available at: http://www.arctic-council.org/index.php/ en/document-archive/category/4-founding-documents
*** Arctic opening: Opportunity and Risk in the High North. Research by Lloyds. Available at: https://www.lloyds. com/~/media/files/news%20and%20insight/360%20risk%20insight/arctic_risk_report_ webview.pdf
*** Arctic: science at minus 40. 2014. Moscow: Moscow University Press.
*** Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal: Estimates of Undiscovered Oil and Gas North of the Arctic Circle — CARA. Research U.S. Geological Survey. 2008. Available at: http://energy.usgs.gov/RegionalStudies/Arctic.aspx
*** Climate Change and Arctic Development. 2009. UNESCO Publishing.
*** Energy Futures. The role of research and technological development. European Commission. Brussels. 2013. The World Petroleum Council Guide to Arctic Oil and Gas. Research WPC. Available at: http://www.world-petroleum.org/resources/ education-guides/290-guide-oil-sp-233579939
*** Future of the Arctic – A New Dawn for Exploration. Research by Wood Mackenzie. 2006. Available at: http://www.woodmac research.com
*** Futurist Ray Kurzweil Pulls Out All the Stops (and Pills) to Live to Witness the Singularity. Online portal "Wired.com". Available at: http://archive.wired.com/medtech/drugs/magazine/16-04/ff_kurzweil
*** Green Economy. Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication. UNEP. Available at: http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/Portals/88/document_Final_Dec2011.pdf.
*** Development of the North and the Arctic: Challenges and Prospects. Proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific-Practical Conference, Apatity, November 2013. Kolsk Scientific Center of RAS. Available at: http://www.iep.kolasc.net.ru/ tezis2013.pdf
*** Oil and gas exploration in the Arctic: at what cost. Russian branch of Greenpeace. Available at: http://www.greenpeace.org/russia/Global/russia/report/Arctic-oil/Gas_oil_development.pdf
*** Research and Development in the Energy Sector. 2010. Solna: Vattenfall AB (Sweden).
*** Research of the Analytical Centre under the Government of the Russian Federation. (2015). Bulletin "Effects of low prices for the oil industry". 20: 32.
*** Resources to Reserves 2013 - Oil, Gas and Coal Technologies for the Energy Markets of the Future. Research IEA. Available at: https://www.iea.org/w/bookshop/add.aspx?id=447
*** Russia will produce more than half of the Arctic oil and gas. Information portal "Izvestia". Available at: http://izvestia.ru/news/588397
*** Sustainable power economy: international perspectives and objects protected by UNESCO. 2013. Energy Bulletin. 15: 12-23.
*** UN Convention on the Law of Sea. The official website of the United Nations. Available at: http://www.un.org/ depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_r.pdf
Published
2016-11-14
How to Cite
DUDIN, Mihail Nikolaevich et al.
Development of Arctic Natural Resources by the Industrialized Countries in the Context of Energy, Ecological and Economic Security.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 2, p. 174-184, nov. 2016.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/302>. Date accessed: 04 dec. 2024.
Section
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism
Keywords
Arctic; natural resources; economic security; environmental risks; ecological changes
Copyright© 2024 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2024. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.