The Analysis of Network Actors in the Policy Implementation of Developing Tourism in Semarang City
Abstract
There aren’t optimal development and management efforts the object and tourist attraction. Yet its optimal development of tourist destinations. Yet it’s optimal participation of the private and the public in the development of tourism. It is becoming an indication of the importance of the network actors study in the policy implementation of tourism development in Semarang City. This research applies qualitative descriptive analysis. The technique uses key informant selection of informants, namely the Department of culture and tourism in Semarang City. The results showed that the policy implementation of tourism development in Semarang city hasn’t run with optimal. It is characterized by the role of the actors involved have not been able to work together. As it doesn’t yet optimal role of Semarang Tourism Promotion Agency is known as BP2KS. In addition, the presence of distrust among the actors involved. In the findings of the field, the concept of development of tourism in Semarang City is using model Pentahelix, including academia, business, Government, community and the Mass Media. Fore the need to immediately increase communication and coordination and transparency among the actors, among others through the forum gatherings and public hearing. Further strengthen the institutional function BP2KS. Need to be calculated as a sense of belonging “the soul of the region’s wisdom".
References
[1] Anderson, J. E. 2006. Public Policy Making: An Introduction, Boston: Houghton Muffin Company.
[2] Ansell and Gash. 2007. Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice. JPART 18: 543–571.
[3] Bambang, R. 2012. Dasar-dasar Pembelanjaan, Edisi 4, Yogyakarta: BPFE
[4] Bardach, E. 1977. The Implementation games. What Heppenes After a Bill Becomes a Law. Cambridge; MIT Press.
[5] Chui, Hua Lie et al. 2012, Improving Tourism Policy Implementation: The use of Hybrid MCDM Model. Tourism Management, (33): 413-426.
[6] Dang Wang, Ap, J. 2013. Faktor Affecting Tourism Policy Implementation: Conceptual Framework and Case Study in China. Journal of Tourism Management, (36): 221-233.
[7] Dunn, W. N. 2000. AnalisisKebijakanPublik. EdisiKedua. Yogyakarta: TerjemahanSamodraWibawa, dkk. Gajah Mada University Press.
[8] Dye, R. T. 2005. Understanding Public Policy, 11th Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. New Jersey.
[9] Dye, R. T. 2005. Understanding Public Policy, Eleventh Edition, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
[10] Edward III, G. C. 1980. Implementing Public Policy, Congressional Quarterly Press, Washington.
[11] Glaser, B.G and Strauss, A.L. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research, Aldine: New York.
[12] Grindle, Meriles S dan Thomas, John W. 1992. Public Choies and Policy Change: The Political Economy of Reform in Developing Countries. The John Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, USA.
[13] Hadi, Sutrisno 1986. MetodologiRiset, Penerbit Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jogyakarta.
[14] Howlett, M., dan M. Ramesh. 1995. Studying Public Policy: Policy Cycles and Policy Subsystem. Oxford: University Press
[15] Iskandar. 2009. Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan dan Sosial. Jakarta: Gaung Persada Press
[16] Islamy, M. Irfan. 1986. Prinsip-Prinsip Perumusan Kebijaksanaan Negara. Jakarta: Bina Angkasa
[17] Keban, Y. T. 2008. Enam Dimensi Strategis Adminsitrasi Publik: Konsep, Teori dan Isu, Yayasan Obor Indonesia, Yogyakarta.
[18] Kimbu N. A., and Ngoasong, M.Z. 2013, Centralized Decentralization of Tourism Development: A Network Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 10: 235 – 259.
[19] Lembar Peraturan Daerah Kota Semarang No 3 tahun 2010 tentang Kepariwisataan
[20] Lembar Peraturan Walikota Semarang No 2 tahun 2012 tentang Badan Promosi Pariwisata Kota Semarang
[21] Meitisa Vanya Simanjuntak. 2015. Analisis Jaringan Aktor Dalam Perlindungan Anak di Kota Semarang. Tesis. Magister Ilmu AdministrasiFakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Diponegoro.
[22] Moleong, L. J. 2002. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, (Cetakan ke 6) PT. Remaja Rosdakarta, Bandung.
[23] Mufiz, A. 2004. Pengantar Administrasi Negara. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Universitas Terbuka.
[24] Nugroho, R. 2008. Public Policy: Teori Kebijakan, Analisis Kebijakan dan Proses Kebijakan, Penerbit PT Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta.
[25] Nugroho, R. 2011. Public Policy: Dinamika Kebijakan, Analisis Kebijakan, dan Manajemen Kebijakan, Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo.
[26] Orotai Krutwaysko, Brambell, B. 2010. Tourism Policy Implementation and Society. Annals of Tourism Research, 37(3): 670 – 691.
[27] Pasolong, Harbani, 2007, Teori Administrasi Publik, Penerbit Alphabeta, Bandung.
[28] Purwanto, Erwan Agus dan Dyah Ratih Sulistyastuti. 2012. Implementasi Kebijakan Publik: Konsep dan Aplikasinya di Indonesia. Gava Media: Yogyakarta.
[29] Riyanto. 2012. Konstruksi Jaringan Aktor (Studi tentanag Konflik Pemilukada dalam Perspektif Actor-Network Theory di Kabupaten Banyuwangi). Disertasi. Universitas Brawijaya Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi
[30] Singarimbun, Masri dan Soffian Effendi (Penyunting). 1982. Metode Penelitian Survai. Jakarta: LP3ES
[31] Smith, K. B. and Larimer, C.W. 2009. The Public Policy Theory Primer, Boulder: Westview Press.
[32] Subarsono, 2005. Analisis Kebijakan Publik Konsep, Teori dan Aplikasi, Penerbit Pustaka Pelajar, Jogyakarta.
[33] Subarsono, AG. 2012. Analisis Kebijakan Publik (Konsep, teori, dan Aplikasi). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar
[34] Sugiyono. 2004. Metode Penelitian Administrasi, Penerbit Alfabetha Bandung.
[35] Suwitri, S. 2011. Jejaring Kebijakan Dalam Perumusan Kebijakan Publik: Suatu Kajian Perumusan Kebijakan Penanggulangan Banjirdan Rob Pemerintah Kota Semarang, Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.
[36] Suwitri, S. 2008. Konsep Dasar Kebijakan Publik. Undip. Semarang.
[37] Van, Meter, D. and Van Horn, C. 1975. The policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework dalam Administration and Society, 6: 445-448
[38] Waligo, V. M., Clarke, J., and Hawkin, R. 2012, Implementing Sustainable Tourism: Multi Stakeholder Involvement Framework. Tourism Management, 30: 1-12
[39] Warden, Frans van. 1992. Dimensions and Types of Policy Networks. European Journal of Political Research 21,
[40] Wibawa, Samodra, dkk. 1994. Evaluasi Kebijakan Publik. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
[41] Widodo, J. 2001. Good Governance, Telaah dari Dimensi: Akuntabilitas dan Kontrol Birokrasi pada Era Desentralisasi dan Otonomi Daerah. Surabaya: Insan Cendekia
[42] Winarno, B. 2012. Kebijakan Publik Teori, Proses, dan Studi Kasus. Yogyakarta: CAPS.
[43] Winarno, B. 2002. Kebijakan Publik: Teoridan Proses. Penerbit Media Pressindo. Jogyakarta.
Journal articles:
International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2012. Vol. 6 No. 2. DOI 10.1108/17506181211233045, pp. 114-123, By: Thorhallur Gudlaugsson and Gunnar Magnússon
Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2014. Vol. 22, No. 8, 11511174, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2014.924953 by Jingjing Yanga; Chris Ryan and Lingyun Zhang
Journal of tourism – studies and research in tourism, Issue 19, 2015 By: Nemanja Tomić; sanja Božić
Sustainability 2014, 6, 2562-2583; doi:10.3390/su6052562
[2] Ansell and Gash. 2007. Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice. JPART 18: 543–571.
[3] Bambang, R. 2012. Dasar-dasar Pembelanjaan, Edisi 4, Yogyakarta: BPFE
[4] Bardach, E. 1977. The Implementation games. What Heppenes After a Bill Becomes a Law. Cambridge; MIT Press.
[5] Chui, Hua Lie et al. 2012, Improving Tourism Policy Implementation: The use of Hybrid MCDM Model. Tourism Management, (33): 413-426.
[6] Dang Wang, Ap, J. 2013. Faktor Affecting Tourism Policy Implementation: Conceptual Framework and Case Study in China. Journal of Tourism Management, (36): 221-233.
[7] Dunn, W. N. 2000. AnalisisKebijakanPublik. EdisiKedua. Yogyakarta: TerjemahanSamodraWibawa, dkk. Gajah Mada University Press.
[8] Dye, R. T. 2005. Understanding Public Policy, 11th Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. New Jersey.
[9] Dye, R. T. 2005. Understanding Public Policy, Eleventh Edition, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
[10] Edward III, G. C. 1980. Implementing Public Policy, Congressional Quarterly Press, Washington.
[11] Glaser, B.G and Strauss, A.L. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research, Aldine: New York.
[12] Grindle, Meriles S dan Thomas, John W. 1992. Public Choies and Policy Change: The Political Economy of Reform in Developing Countries. The John Hopkins University Press. Baltimore, USA.
[13] Hadi, Sutrisno 1986. MetodologiRiset, Penerbit Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jogyakarta.
[14] Howlett, M., dan M. Ramesh. 1995. Studying Public Policy: Policy Cycles and Policy Subsystem. Oxford: University Press
[15] Iskandar. 2009. Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan dan Sosial. Jakarta: Gaung Persada Press
[16] Islamy, M. Irfan. 1986. Prinsip-Prinsip Perumusan Kebijaksanaan Negara. Jakarta: Bina Angkasa
[17] Keban, Y. T. 2008. Enam Dimensi Strategis Adminsitrasi Publik: Konsep, Teori dan Isu, Yayasan Obor Indonesia, Yogyakarta.
[18] Kimbu N. A., and Ngoasong, M.Z. 2013, Centralized Decentralization of Tourism Development: A Network Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 10: 235 – 259.
[19] Lembar Peraturan Daerah Kota Semarang No 3 tahun 2010 tentang Kepariwisataan
[20] Lembar Peraturan Walikota Semarang No 2 tahun 2012 tentang Badan Promosi Pariwisata Kota Semarang
[21] Meitisa Vanya Simanjuntak. 2015. Analisis Jaringan Aktor Dalam Perlindungan Anak di Kota Semarang. Tesis. Magister Ilmu AdministrasiFakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Diponegoro.
[22] Moleong, L. J. 2002. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, (Cetakan ke 6) PT. Remaja Rosdakarta, Bandung.
[23] Mufiz, A. 2004. Pengantar Administrasi Negara. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Universitas Terbuka.
[24] Nugroho, R. 2008. Public Policy: Teori Kebijakan, Analisis Kebijakan dan Proses Kebijakan, Penerbit PT Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta.
[25] Nugroho, R. 2011. Public Policy: Dinamika Kebijakan, Analisis Kebijakan, dan Manajemen Kebijakan, Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo.
[26] Orotai Krutwaysko, Brambell, B. 2010. Tourism Policy Implementation and Society. Annals of Tourism Research, 37(3): 670 – 691.
[27] Pasolong, Harbani, 2007, Teori Administrasi Publik, Penerbit Alphabeta, Bandung.
[28] Purwanto, Erwan Agus dan Dyah Ratih Sulistyastuti. 2012. Implementasi Kebijakan Publik: Konsep dan Aplikasinya di Indonesia. Gava Media: Yogyakarta.
[29] Riyanto. 2012. Konstruksi Jaringan Aktor (Studi tentanag Konflik Pemilukada dalam Perspektif Actor-Network Theory di Kabupaten Banyuwangi). Disertasi. Universitas Brawijaya Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi
[30] Singarimbun, Masri dan Soffian Effendi (Penyunting). 1982. Metode Penelitian Survai. Jakarta: LP3ES
[31] Smith, K. B. and Larimer, C.W. 2009. The Public Policy Theory Primer, Boulder: Westview Press.
[32] Subarsono, 2005. Analisis Kebijakan Publik Konsep, Teori dan Aplikasi, Penerbit Pustaka Pelajar, Jogyakarta.
[33] Subarsono, AG. 2012. Analisis Kebijakan Publik (Konsep, teori, dan Aplikasi). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar
[34] Sugiyono. 2004. Metode Penelitian Administrasi, Penerbit Alfabetha Bandung.
[35] Suwitri, S. 2011. Jejaring Kebijakan Dalam Perumusan Kebijakan Publik: Suatu Kajian Perumusan Kebijakan Penanggulangan Banjirdan Rob Pemerintah Kota Semarang, Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.
[36] Suwitri, S. 2008. Konsep Dasar Kebijakan Publik. Undip. Semarang.
[37] Van, Meter, D. and Van Horn, C. 1975. The policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework dalam Administration and Society, 6: 445-448
[38] Waligo, V. M., Clarke, J., and Hawkin, R. 2012, Implementing Sustainable Tourism: Multi Stakeholder Involvement Framework. Tourism Management, 30: 1-12
[39] Warden, Frans van. 1992. Dimensions and Types of Policy Networks. European Journal of Political Research 21,
[40] Wibawa, Samodra, dkk. 1994. Evaluasi Kebijakan Publik. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
[41] Widodo, J. 2001. Good Governance, Telaah dari Dimensi: Akuntabilitas dan Kontrol Birokrasi pada Era Desentralisasi dan Otonomi Daerah. Surabaya: Insan Cendekia
[42] Winarno, B. 2012. Kebijakan Publik Teori, Proses, dan Studi Kasus. Yogyakarta: CAPS.
[43] Winarno, B. 2002. Kebijakan Publik: Teoridan Proses. Penerbit Media Pressindo. Jogyakarta.
Journal articles:
International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2012. Vol. 6 No. 2. DOI 10.1108/17506181211233045, pp. 114-123, By: Thorhallur Gudlaugsson and Gunnar Magnússon
Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2014. Vol. 22, No. 8, 11511174, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2014.924953 by Jingjing Yanga; Chris Ryan and Lingyun Zhang
Journal of tourism – studies and research in tourism, Issue 19, 2015 By: Nemanja Tomić; sanja Božić
Sustainability 2014, 6, 2562-2583; doi:10.3390/su6052562
Published
2019-02-01
How to Cite
YUNININGSIH, Tri et al.
The Analysis of Network Actors in the Policy Implementation of Developing Tourism in Semarang City.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 6, p. 1210-1218, feb. 2019.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/2659>. Date accessed: 23 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v9.6(30).10.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2024 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2024. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.