Investigation of Drainage and Waste Water Quality for the Improvement of Technological Treatment Solutions

Yulia DOMASHENKO; Sergey VASILYEV; Dmitry VASILYEV

doi:10.14505//jemt.9.4(28).16

Yulia DOMASHENKO Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Russia
Sergey VASILYEV Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Russia
Dmitry VASILYEV Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Russia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.9.4(28).16

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to study the qualitative indicators of drainage and waste water from irrigated areas in order to justify the treatment technology. The research was carried out within the Bagayevskaya irrigation system located in the Rostov Region, the Russian Federation. The location of the well is confined to the second terrace above the floodplain of the Western Manych River. The chemical composition of drainage water allows us to refer this water category to the sulfate class, the sodium group of a partially mixed cationic composition. The type of drainage water is sulfate sodium and sulfate calcium. In drainage runoff, there are no chlorine-magnesium waters, even in the autumn period. The content of biogenic elements during the observation period in the investigated wells was within the following limits: phosphates – from 0.04 to 0.75 mg/dm3, ammonium ions – from 0.07 to 1.35 mg/dm3, and nitrates – from 0.05 to 0.43 mg/dm3. An improved treatment method of drainage and waste water for crop irrigation is proposed. It includes the removal of mechanical impurities and petroleum products (in the first stage) on coalescent modules installed directly on the discharge or drainage channel in the form of a framework module and the release of heavy metal ions, organic substances and excess salts (in the second stage) in the sorption block, which includes three sorption layers – S-VERAD, zeolite and quartz in an equal ratio, placed in a grid of a filter cassette of the cassette-holding device.

References

[1] Abaidoo, R. C., Fatma, A., and El-Guindy, S. 2007. Agricultural use of marginal-quality water – opportunities and challenges. IWMI, Part 4, Chapter 8-16.
[2] Bezdnina, S. Ya. 1997. Ecosystem water use: concept, principles, technologies. Moscow: ROMA.
[3] Bonaiti G., and Borin M. 2010. Efficiency of controlled drainage and subirrigation in reducing nitrogen losses from agricultural fields. Agricultural Water Management, 98(2): 343-352. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.09.008
[4] Cambardella, C.A., et al. 1999. Water quality in Walnut Creek watershed: Herbicides in soils, subsurface drainage, and groundwater. Journal of Environmental Quality, 28(1): 35-45. DOI: 10.2134/jeq1999.00472425002800010004x
[5] Deal, S. C., Gilliam, J. W., Skaggs, R. W., and Konyha, K. D. 1986. Prediction of nitrogen and phosphorus losses as related to agricultural drainage system design. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 18(1): 37-51. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(86)90173-8
[6] Gilliam, J. W., and Skaggs, R. W. 1986. Controlled agricultural drainage to maintain water quality. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 112(3): 254-263. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(1986)112:3(254)
[7] Gyles, R. W., and Mulla, D.J. 2001. Nitrate nitrogen in surface waters as influenced by climatic conditions and agricultural practices. Journal of Environmental Quality, 30(2): 337-344.
[8] Kapustyan, A.S., Yuchenko, L. V., and Starostina, O. A. 2003. Quality of drainage and waste water of irrigation systems. Modern land reclamation problems, ways and methods for their solution. Part 1. Novocherkassk: FGNU "RosNIIIPM".
[9] Konoplyantsev, A.A. 1983. Methodological recommendations on the organization and production of observations over the regime, level, head and rate of groundwater. Moscow, VSEGINGEO.
[10] Kropina, E.A., and Vasilyev, S.M. 2010. Prospects for the reuse of drainage and waste water for irrigation. Melioration and Water Management, 2: 22-23.
[11] PND F 12.1:2:2.2:2.3:3.2-03 Methodological recommendations. 2014. Sampling of soils, bottom sediments, silt, sewage sludge, industrial sewage sludge, production and consumption wastes. The Federal Supervisory Natural Resources Management Service. Moscow.
[12] Qadir, M., Boers, T. M., Schubert, S., Ghafoor, A., and Murtaza, G. 2003. Agricultural water management in water-starved countries: challenges and opportunities. Agricultural water management, 62(3): 165-185. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(03)00146-X
[13] RD 52.18.572-96 Guidelines. 1999. Determination of the mass concentration of chloride, sulphate, nitrate, nitrite ions in drinking water samples and in soil samples (aqueous extracts) by ion chromatography. Procedure of measurements. The Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. St. Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat.
[14] Reddy, K. R., Campbell, K. L., Graetz, D. A., and Portier, K. M. 1982. Use of biological filters for treating agricultural drainage effluents. Journal of Environmental Quality, 11(4): 591-595. DOI:10.2134/jeq1982.00472425001100040008x
[15] Rhoades, J. D., et al. 1989. Use of saline drainage water for irrigation: Imperial Valley study. Agricultural Water Management, 16(1-2): 25-36. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3774(89)90038-3
[16] Shchedrin, V.N., and Vasilyev, S. M. 2011. Theory and practice of alternative types of the irrigation of chernozems in the south of the European territory of Russia. Novocherkassk: Lik.
[17] Skaggs, R. Wayne, M. A. Breve, and Gilliam, J. W. 1994. Hydrologic and water quality impacts of agricultural drainage. Critical reviews in environmental science and technology, 24(1): 1-32. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389409388459
[18] Thomas, D. L., et al. 1995. Agricultural drainage effects on water quality in southeastern US. Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering, 121(4): 277-282. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(1995)121:4(277)
[19] Vasilyev, S.M. 2006. Characteristic features of the effect of groundwater on the mineralization of collector-drainage runoff from the territory of the local experimental station. Appendix No.1. University News. North-Caucasian Region. Technical Sciences Series. Rostov-on-Don, 105-108.
[20] Vasilyev, S.M., Vasilyeva, E.A., and Chelakhov, V.Ts. 2005. The ecological concept of assessing the impact of irrigation systems on the landscapes of the Lower Don. Rostov-on-Don: SKNTS VSh.