Differences in Perception of Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts for Tourism in Four Groups of Interests. Case Study Kosovo
Abstract
Tourism is one of the complex activities of today’s modern society. In developed countries but also in some states as our country Kosova, country in process of transition in which export could be important product and employment generator. Even though Kosova is new state we still don’t have strategy for Tourism Development where achieving its goal will be sustainable use of natural and cultural resources, as crucial for tourism development and at the same time to prevent use of resources with negative irreversible consequences. This study aims to analyse if exists differences in perceptions of tourism impacts in Kosova between four groups of interests: economic operators of tourism, governmental and non-governmental agencies, local community and tourists. Data was collected from four groups of interests using questionnaires directed to 160 surveyed businesses, 35 surveyed governmental, non-governmental and local agencies, 382 surveyed residents and 378 surveyed tourists. Results of questionnaires were extracted using one-way ANOVA test and to see in specific manner differences between groups was used post-hoc test Scheffe method.
References
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[29] Mindy, J., Edward, D. 2016. Residents' Perceived Quality of Life in a Cultural-Heritage Tourism Destination. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 11(1): 105-123. DOI http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1007/ s11482-014-9357-8
[30] Mohammed Bala, B., Hairul, N. I. 2014. Multi-Stakeholder Perception of Tourism Impacts and Ways Tourism Should Be Sustainably Developed in Obudu Mountain Resort. Developing Country Studies, 4(3): 37-48.
[31] Park, D., Nunkoo, R., and Yoon, Y. 2015. Rural residents' attitudes to tourism and the moderating effects of social capital. Tourism Geographies, 17(1): 112-133. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2014.959993
[32] Pizam, A., and Milman, A. 1984. The social impacts of tourism. Industry and Environment, 7(1): 11-14.
[33] Richards, G., and Hall, D. 2000. Conclusions. In G. Richards & D. Hall (Eds.), Tourism and sustainable community development (pp. 297-306). London: Routledge.
[34] Çavolli, R. 1997. Regional Geography of Kosovo, Pristina, p.319
[35] Ryan, C. 2002. Equity, Management, Power Sharing and Sustainability-Issues of the ‘New Tourism. Tourism Management, 23(1): 17-26. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10 .1016/S0261-5177(01)00064-4
[36] Sharpley, R. 1994. Tourism, Tourists and Society. Huntingdon, Kings Ripton, ELM Publications.
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[40] Trousdale, W. J. 1999. Governance in context: Boracay Island, Philippines. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4): 840-867. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0160-7383(99)00036-5
[41] Vesenjak, P. 1996, 12-14 September. The development of sustainable tourism in Slovenia.
[42] Vogel, R. K., and Swanson, B. E. 1988. Setting agendas for community change: The community goal-setting strategy. Journal of Urban Affairs, 10(1): 41-61. DOI http://dx.doi.org/1 0.1111/j.1467-9906.1988.tb00492.x
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*** UNDP. 2002. Human Development Report, Kosovo, Pristina, p.15
*** UNWTO. 2015. Why tourism? Available at: http://www2.unwto.org/content/why-tourism
[2] Andriotis, K. 2005. Community Groups’ Perceptions of and Preferences for Tourism Development: Evidence from Crete. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 29(1): 67–90. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348004268196
[3] Bouguessa, H. 1996. The council of Europe's activities. Paper presented at Colloquy organised by the Council of Europe (Directorate of Environment and Local Authorities) and Slovenian Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning. Sustainable tourism development: Concilliation of economic, cultural, social, scientific and environmental interests. Maribor, Slovenia.
[4] Buhalis, D., and Cooper, C. 1998. Competition or co-operation: The needs of small and medium sized tourism enterprises at a destination level, in E. Laws, B. Faulkner & G. Moscardo (eds), Embracing and Managing Change in Tourism, pp. 324-346, Routledge, London.
[5] Byrd, T. E., Bosley, E. H., Dronberger, G. M. 2009. Comparisons of Stakeholder Perceptions of Tourism Impacts in Rural Eastern North Carolina. Tourism Management, 30: 693–703. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j .tourman.2008.10.021
[6] Carlisle, S., Kunc, M., Jones, E., and Tiffin, S. 2013. Supporting innovation for tourism development through multi-stakeholder approches: Experiences from Africa. Tourism Management, 35: 59-69. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.05.010
[7] Cooper, C.P., and Jackson, S. 1989. Destination life-cycle: The Isle of Man case study. Annals of Tourism Research, 16(3): 377-398. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160- 7383(89)90051-0
[8] Dincer, F. I., and Ertugral, S. M. 2003. Economic Impact of Heritage Tourism Hotels in Istanbul. The Journal of Tourism Studies, 14 (2): 34-57.
[9] Dredge, D., and Moore, S. 1992. A methodology for the integration of tourism in town planning. The Journal of Tourism Studies, 3(1): 8-21.
[10] Dredge, D., and Moore, S. 1992. A methodology for the integration of tourism in town planning. The Journal of Tourism Studies, 3(1): 8-21.
[11] Fennel, D.A. 2005. Ecotourism. London and New York: Routledge. 227 pp.
[12] Foster, D. 1985. Travel and Tourism Management. London, Mac Millan.
[13] Friges, J.D. 1996. Dimension of Tourism. New York, Educational Institute of the Hotel and Motel Association.
[14] Hunter, C. 1995. Conclusions. In C. Hunter & H. Green (Eds.), Tourism and the environment: A sustainable relationship? (pp. 169-182). London: Routledge.
[15] Inkeep, E. 1991. Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
[16] Jackson, G., and Morpeth, N. 2000. Local Agenda 21: Reclaiming community ownership or stalled process? In G. Richards and D. Hall edited Tourism and Sustainable Community Development. 119-134, London: Routledge. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/ 9780203464915
[17] Jackson, G., and Morpeth, N. 2000. Local Agenda 21: Reclaiming community ownership or stalled process? In G. Richards and D. Hall edited Tourism and Sustainable Community Development. 119-134, London: Routledge. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/ 9780203464915
[18] Kheiri, J. 2013. Assessment of Economic Impacts of Religious Tourism on Local Residents (Case Study: Imamzadeh Abdollah in Amol). In Regional Conference on Tourism, Geography and Sustainable Environment, Hamedan, Iran. CIVILICA.
[19] Kheiri, J., and Nasihatkon, B. 2015. Evaluating the Effects of Social Media Usage on Tourist's Behavior based on Different Phases of Travel Process. SIT Journal of Management, 5(2): 21-40.
[20] Ko, D.W., and Stewart, W.P. 2002. A structural equation model of residents’ attitudes for tourism development. Tourism Management, 23(5): 521-530. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0261- 5177(02)00006-7
[21] Leslie, D., Harrison, T., and Logan, D. M. 2000. The community and tourism development: A case of a community based tourist attraction. Environment Paper Series, 3(3): 74-89.
[22] Lundberg, D.E. 1980. The Tourist Business. London, CBI Publishing Company.
[23] Maddox, R. N. 1985. Measuring Satisfaction with Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 23(3): 2–5. DOI http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1177/ 004728758502300301
[24] Madrigal, R. 1995. Residents’ perceptions and the role of government. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(1): 86-102. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160- 7383(94)00070-9
[25] Maruyama, N., and Woosnam, K. 2015. Residents' ethnic attitudes and support for ethnic neighborhood tourism: The case of a Brazilian town in Japan. Tourism Management, 50(1): 225-237. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman. 2015.01.030
[26] Mathieson, A., and Wall, G. 1982. Tourism: economic, physical and social impacts. Longman: Harlow, UK.
[27] Mclntosh, R., and Goeldner, C. R. 1984. Tourism: Principles, Practices, Philosophies. 4th Ed. Grid, Columbus.
[28] Middleton, V. T. C. 1974. Tourism Policy in Britain: A Case for a Radical Reappraisal. The Economist Intelligence Unit, London.
[29] Mindy, J., Edward, D. 2016. Residents' Perceived Quality of Life in a Cultural-Heritage Tourism Destination. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 11(1): 105-123. DOI http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1007/ s11482-014-9357-8
[30] Mohammed Bala, B., Hairul, N. I. 2014. Multi-Stakeholder Perception of Tourism Impacts and Ways Tourism Should Be Sustainably Developed in Obudu Mountain Resort. Developing Country Studies, 4(3): 37-48.
[31] Park, D., Nunkoo, R., and Yoon, Y. 2015. Rural residents' attitudes to tourism and the moderating effects of social capital. Tourism Geographies, 17(1): 112-133. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2014.959993
[32] Pizam, A., and Milman, A. 1984. The social impacts of tourism. Industry and Environment, 7(1): 11-14.
[33] Richards, G., and Hall, D. 2000. Conclusions. In G. Richards & D. Hall (Eds.), Tourism and sustainable community development (pp. 297-306). London: Routledge.
[34] Çavolli, R. 1997. Regional Geography of Kosovo, Pristina, p.319
[35] Ryan, C. 2002. Equity, Management, Power Sharing and Sustainability-Issues of the ‘New Tourism. Tourism Management, 23(1): 17-26. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10 .1016/S0261-5177(01)00064-4
[36] Sharpley, R. 1994. Tourism, Tourists and Society. Huntingdon, Kings Ripton, ELM Publications.
[37] Simpson, K. 2001. Strategic planning and community involvement as contributors to sustainable tourism development. Current Issues in Tourism, 4(1): 3-41. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500108667880
[38] Swarbrooke, J. 1998. Sustainable Tourism Management. CABI Publishing, New York.
[39] Timothy, D. J. 1998. Cooperative tourism planning in a developing destination. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 6(1): 52-68. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669589808667301
[40] Trousdale, W. J. 1999. Governance in context: Boracay Island, Philippines. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4): 840-867. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0160-7383(99)00036-5
[41] Vesenjak, P. 1996, 12-14 September. The development of sustainable tourism in Slovenia.
[42] Vogel, R. K., and Swanson, B. E. 1988. Setting agendas for community change: The community goal-setting strategy. Journal of Urban Affairs, 10(1): 41-61. DOI http://dx.doi.org/1 0.1111/j.1467-9906.1988.tb00492.x
[43] Witt, S.F. 1991. Tourism in Cyprus, Balancing the benefits and costs. Travel Management, 12: 37-45. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177 (91)90027-Q
[44] Yu, C.P., Chancellor, H.C., and Cole, S.T. 2011. Measuring Residents’ Attitudes toward Sustainable Tourism: A Re-examination of the Sustainable Tourism Attitude Scale. Journal of Travel Research, 50: 57–63. DOI http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1177/ 0047287509353189
*** UNDP. 2002. Human Development Report, Kosovo, Pristina, p.15
*** UNWTO. 2015. Why tourism? Available at: http://www2.unwto.org/content/why-tourism
Published
2017-06-18
How to Cite
DAUTI, Merita Begolli.
Differences in Perception of Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts for Tourism in Four Groups of Interests. Case Study Kosovo.
Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 2, p. 344-353, june 2017.
ISSN 2068-7729.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/1189>. Date accessed: 26 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v8.2(18).07.
Section
Article
Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). Published by ASERS Publishing 2023. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY 4.0 license.