Integration of Migrant Workers as Part of the Migration Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Abstract
The economic growth of the Republic of Kazakhstan leads to an increasing demand for migrants, and a key objective of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan is to develop measures for the integration of migration resources in the national economy.
The purpose of this article is to develop a set of priority measures to create conditions for the successful integration of migrant workers in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Overview of the migration situation and analysis of regional migration dynamics in Kazakhstan showed that the stable development of economy and the emergence of opportunities for running a small business allowed Kazakhstan to become a regional center of attraction for migrant workers. Today, the legal framework regulating the issues of internal and external migration in terms of conditions and the order of stay of foreign citizens on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan has basically been formed. Labor migrants are mainly from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan; most of them work illegally and have no social rights. Despite the efforts of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, measures for adaptation and integration of migrant workers, their awareness of employment, social security, pensions and limited access to health care services are rather acute problems.
Taking into account the identified problems, measures of the state integration policy should include the following: information support to potential migrants as part of pre-departure measures; creation of conditions for the improvement of migrants' language competence and ensuring the transferability of migrants' social rights, in particular, ensuring the mobility of pensions in the framework of the integration association Eurasian Economic Union (EEU).
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