Actual Issues of Treaty Law in CIS Countries
Abstract
The development of social relations requires changes in various spheres of human activity and, accordingly, in the relations between the state and society, between the state and the individual. In addition, one of the effective regulators of these relations is a treaty, which can be used in various spheres. To date, the science has not developed a unified view of the contract, and its issues are discussed by representatives of various scientific fields, with the contract being studied as a legal fact, agreement, legal relationship, document and in this regard is defined differently. Moreover, contractual relationship is in constant flux and suffer from changes caused by various factors of legal validity. Therefore, treaty law and the rules governing contractual obligations are given a great deal of attention during improving the process of reforming civil law and ensuring its further effective implementation in the CIS. Within the framework of the conducted research and comparative analysis of the legal bases and practice of application in the sphere of treaty law, the author has formulated grounded positions on the outlined and topical issues, which are as follows: (1) the peculiarities of the use of terminology in the context of the problem of interpretation of contract terms are revealed; (2) identified problems that arise during the termination of treaties in the CIS; (3) the influence of innovative technologies and globalization and the nature of contractual relations in the territory of the CIS countries are established; (4) approaches to ‘smart-contracts’ and a public contract are disclosed; (5) the discussion approaches to understanding the concept of ‘freedom of contract’ are analyzed; 6) a conditional list of the most pressing issues of contract law that arises in the CIS are formed.
References
[1] Abashin, E.A. 2003. How to make a deal. Nauka.
[2] Agarkov, M.M. 2012. Selected works on civil law. Statut.
[3] Aleksashina, Yu.B. 2012a. Contract as an element of the social self-regulation subsystem. Entrepreneurship. Economics and Law: a Scientific-Practical, Economic-Legal Journal 11 (203): 33-35.
[4] Aleksashina, Yu.B. 2012. Contract in private law as a regulator of social relations: author’s thesis. Candidate of Juridical Sciences.
[5] Alekseev, S.S. 1962. Civil law during the expanded construction of communism. Gosyurizdat.
[6] Assesorova, A.V. 2014. ‘Ontologism and irrationalism’ of the philosophy of law by I. G. Fichte in the interpretation of B. P. Vysheslavtsev. Bulletin of Perm University. Jurisprudence 1: 10-22.
[7] Azrilian, A.N (Ed.). 2007. Law Dictionary. Institute of the New Economy.
[8] Basin, Yu.G., Suleimenov, M.K., Osipov, E.B., and Chentsova, O.I. 2004. Subsoil use contracts: problems of legal qualification and systematization. Invest Kazakhstan 1: 88 - 91.
[9] Bazedov, Yu. 2011. Freedom of contract in the European Union. Right. Journal of the Higher School of Economics 2: 88-107.
[10] Beklenishcheva, I.V. 2006. Civil contract: classic tradition and current trends. Statut.
[11] Beliaev, K.P. 2004. Non-profit organizations in the system of legal entities. Civilistic Notes 3: 462-468.
[12] Belianevich, O.A. 2006. Economic contract law of Ukraine.Yurinkom Inter.
[13] Belov, V.A. 2003. Civil law: general and special parts. Center YurInfoR.
[14] Berveno, S.M. 2018. Categories of spirituality in civil law of Ukraine. Bulletin of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 26: 90-97.
[15] Bezkluby, I.A. 2008.Theoretical principles of the formation of the transaction. Legal Bulletin. Air and Space Law 4: 29-34.
[16] Bodnar, T.V. 2004. Features of legal regulation of execution of obligations under foreign economic agreements (contracts). Bulletin of Khmelnitsky Institute of Regional Management and Law 1-2: 83-88.
[17] Bogdanov, E.V. 1997. The essence and responsibility of a legal entity. The Soviet State And Law 10: 97-102.
[18] Borisova, V.I., et al. 2011. Civil law. Pravo.
[19] Borodovskii, S.O. 2014. Investigation of the institute of ways to protect civil rights and interests protected by law in jurisdiction. Journal of Civil and Criminal Justice 5: 67-85.
[20] Braginsky, M.I., and Vitryansky, V.V. 1999. Contract law.general provisions. Statut.
[21] Bratus, S.M. 1963. The course of Soviet civil law. Gosyurizdat.
[22] Cartwright, D. 1951. The nature of group cohesiveness. In: D. Cartwright, A. Zander (Eds.), Group Dynamics: Research and Theory, 91- 109. Harper & Row.
[23] Chuchkovskaia, A.V. 2007. Legal regulation of e-commerce in Ukraine.Tsentr Uchbovoyi Literatury.
[24] Didenko, A.G. 2001. The category of the contract, its place and significance in post-Soviet law. In A.G. Didenko (Ed.) Civil legislation of Kazakhstan: Articles, comments, practice. AJ-VSHP ‘Adilet’.
[25] Dikovskaya, I.A. 2015. Form of agreements on the choice of law applicable to the contract. Almanac of International Law 7: 133-141.
[26] Dzera, O.V. 2002. The concept of civil law and its place in the system of law of Ukraine. Bulletin of Khmelnitsky Institute of Regional Management and Law 2: 9-13.
[27] Egorov, Yu.P. 2005. Transactions in the mechanism of civil law regulation. Civilistic Notes: Interuniversity Collection of Scientific Papers 4: 246-266.
[28] Ershov, Yu.L. 2001. The principle of freedom of contract and its implementation in the civil law of the Russian Federation: PhD diss., Yekaterinburg University.
[29] Fleischitz, E.A. 1948. Responsibility of state bodies for property damage caused by officials.Yurizdat.
[30] Fursa, S.Ya. 2015. Guardian over the interests of an unknown person in civil and executive processes. Civilistic Procedural Thought 1: 86-90.
[31] Gambarov, Yu.S. 1911. Civil law. A common part. Tipografiya M.M. Stasyulevicha.
[32] Gauze, F.I. 1972. Socialist civil law contract.Yuridicheskaya Literatura.
[33] Getman, A.P., Borisova, V. І., and Yevsyeyev, O.P. 2012. Treaty as a universal legal construction. Pravo.
[34] Gnitsevich, K.V. 2009. The doctrine of culpa in contrahendo in the judicial practice of Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. Leningrad Journal of Law 3: 148-162.
[35] Golevinskii, V.I. 1872. On the origin and division of obligations.Tipografiya Osipa Bergera.
[36] Grave, K.A. 1950. Contractual penalty in Soviet law. Gosyurizdat.
[37] Gribanov, V.P. 2001. Implementation and protection of civil rights.Statut.
[38] Grimm, D.D. 1904. The course of Roman law.Tipografiya M.M. Stasyulevicha.
[39] Guliaev, A.M. 1913. Russian civil law: a review of current legislation, cassation practice. Tipografiya M.M. Stasyulevicha.
[40] Hesselink, M.W. 2006. The ideal codification and the dynamics of europeanisation: the Dutch experience. European Law Journal 12(3): 279-305.
[41] Idrysheva, S.K. 2012. Public contract in the civil law of Kazakhstan: problems of theory and practice: author’s thesis. Doctor of Juridical Sciences.
[42] Iering, R. 2013. Culpa in contrahendo, or indemnification for invalidity or non-conclusion of contracts. Bulletin of Civil Law 3: 190 - 266.
[43] Ilyushina, M.N. 2019.Civil legal elements of the control mechanism for compliance with the costs of persons replacing state positions and other persons of their income. Civil Law Journal 6: 3-7.
[44] Ioffe, O.S. 1967. On some theoretical issues of civil law science. Bulletin of the Leningrad University 3: 84-97.
[45] Ispaieva, G.B. 2006. Treaty in private international law: conflict issues. Features of conflict regulation of contractual obligations under the laws of the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan. Journal of Russian Law 9: 37-41.
[46] Kalaur, I.R. 2009. Term of use of property as an essential condition of the lease. Actual Problems of Improving the Current Legislation of Ukraine 21: 109-113.
[47] Karapetov, A.G. 2012. The economic basis of the principle of freedom of contract. Bulletin of Civil Law 12 (3): 66-154.
[48] Karapetov, A.G. 2013. Contra proferentem as a method of treaty interpretation. Bulletin of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation 7: 10.
[49] Karpeev, O.V. 2013. The subject composition of the nodal agreement as a civil contract. Legal World 5: 38-40.
[50] Kazantsev, M.F. 2008. The concept of civil contractual regulation: author’s thesis. Doctor of Juridical Sciences.
[51] Kecekian, S.F. 1958. Legal relations in a socialist society. Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
[52] Khalfina, R.O. 1954. On the subject of Soviet civil law. The Soviet State And Law 8: 82 - 86.
[53] Khanyk-Pospolitak, R.Yu. 2018. Representation in the civil process under the new civil procedure code of Ukraine. NaUKMA Scientific Notes 1: 50-54.
[54] Kharitonov, E.O. 2010. Some issues of delineation of civil legal relations of intellectual property and information legal relations. Actual Problems of the State and Law 56: 213-218.
[55] Khatniuk, N.S. 2002. Deception as a ground for declaring a transaction invalid. Problems of civil law and the civil process at the current stage of legislative development. Paper presented at the Intercollegiate Student Scientific Conference, 175-179, April 5, in Donetsk, Ukraine.
[56] Klimkin, S.I. 2011. Civil law of Kazakhstan. Nauchno-Izdatel'skiy Tsentr KOU.
[57] Kochan, I. 2014. Legal terminology through the lens of linguistics. Bulletin of the National University ‘Lviv Polytechnic’. Problems of Ukrainian Terminology 791: 112-117.
[58] Kokhanovskaya, O.V. 2017. Private legal understanding of information relations in Ukraine. Journal of Civil Studies 22: 128-133.
[59] Komarov, A.S. 1991. Responsibility in commercial turnover. Nauka.
[60] Korkunov, M.M. 1909. Russian state law. Tipografiya M.M. Stasyulevicha.
[61] Kossak,V.M. 2001. The contract as a basis for the occurrence of mortgage obligations. Bulletin of the University of Lviv. Legal Series 36: 317-321.
[62] Kozlova, E.B. 2015. Contract law: general provisions. RPA.
[63] Krasavchikov, O.O. 1972. Soviet civil law.Progress.
[64] Krasheninnikov,E.A. 1979. The structure of subjective law and the right to defense. The Problem of the Protection of Subjective Rights and Soviet Civil Proceedings 4: 73-82.
[65] Kucher, A.M. 2005. Theory and practice of the pre-contracted phase: legal aspect.Statut.
[66] Kucherenko, I.M. 2007. Organizational and legal forms of public law legal entities. University Research Notes 2: 134-146.
[67] Kuznetsova, N.S. 2012. Treaty in the mechanism of regulation of civil legal relations. Law of Ukraine: Law Journal 9: 12-18.
[68] Lando, O. 2013. Teaching comparative law. Comparative Law 1-2: 450–456.
[69] Lauslahti, K., Mattila, J., and Seppälä, T. 2017. Smart Contracts - How will Blockchain Technology Affect Contractual Practices? ETLA Reports No 68, https://www.etla.fi/wp-content/uploads/ETLA-Raportit-Reports-68.pdf.
[70] Luts, A.V. 2001. Freedom of Agreement in Civil Law of Ukraine: author’s thesis. Candidate of Juridical Sciences.
[71] Luts, V.V. 2009. Contract law of Ukraine: current state and tendencies of development. Legal Bulletin. Air and Space Law 2: 52-55.
[72] Maidanyk, R.A.2007. Hereditary agreement in the civil law of Ukraine. University Research Notes 2: 90-105.
[73] Manigk, A. 1928. Tatsachen, yuristische. Handworterbuch der Rechtswissenschaft.
[74] Marchenko, М.М. 2014. Sources of law. NITS INFRA-M.
[75] Mariano, B. 2016. Unpacking the term ‘Smart Contract’. https://medium.com/@ConsenSys/unpacking-the-term-smart-contract-e63238f7db65.
[76] Marusheva, O.G. 2012. Peculiarities of defining the concept of a trade mark. Law and Security 5: 214 217.
[77] Matveev, G.K. 1951. Wines in Soviet civil law. Life.
[78] Maydanik, N.I. 2008. Pre-contractual liability in the civil law of Ukraine. In R.A. Maydanik. Almanac of Civil Studies. Pravova yednist.
[79] Meyer,D.I. 2003. Russian civil law.Statut.
[80] Milash, V.S. 2016. Contractual aspects of economic and industrial relations in the field of e-commerce. Economic Theory and Law 1: 87-99.
[81] Morozov, S.Yu. 2010. Civil law. Eksmo.
[82] Mozolin, V.P., and Farnsworth, E.A. 1989. Contract law in the USA and the USSR: history and general concepts. NORMA.
[83] Novitsky, I.B. 1960. Roman law.Izdatel'stvo Yurayt.
[84] Oliukha, V.G. 2005. Public contract in the system of civil contracts. Bulletin of the Academy of Advocates of Ukraine 2: 54-60.
[85] Pavlenko, D.G. 2019. Realization of the principle of integrity in contractual relations in the context of case law. Lawyer 8: 6-9.
[86] Pereterskii, I.S., et al. 2004. Roman private law. Yurist.
[87] Pervomaysky, O.O. 2018. Codification of civil law: interim results and future prospects. Private Law and Entrepreneurship 18: 25-28.
[88] Pevzner, O.G. 1958. The concept of civil relations and some issues of the theory of subjective civil rights. Scientist NotesVYUZI 5: 23-31.
[89] Pobedonostsev, K.P.2003. Civil law course: contracts and obligations.Statut.
[90] Poghribny, S.O. 2006. The concept of civil law regulation of social relations. Bulletin of the Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 33: 25-37.
[91] Pokrovsky, I.A. 1917. The main problems of civil law. Pravo.
[92] Pokrovsky, Y.O. 1899. Compensation of harm and its decomposition. The dilemmas of modern civil law in the area of liability for harm and loss. Bulletin of Law 9: 1-39.
[93] Puginsky, B.I. 2002. Civil contract. Bulletin of the University of Moscow 11(2): 44-48.
[94] Pylypenko, S.A. 2015. Contractual obligations in the civil law of Ukraine, England and the USA. Carpathian Legal Bulletin 3: 52-55.
[95] Raval, S. 2017. Decentralized applications. Blockchain technology in action. Piter.
[96] Rennenkampf, M.K. 1880. Essays on the legal encyclopedia.Universitetskiye Izvestiya.
[97] Romanets, Yu.V. 2013. The system of contracts in the civil law of Russia. NITS INFRA-M.
[98] Rozhkova, M.A. 2010. Theories of legal facts of civil and procedural law: concepts, classifications, basics of interaction. Nauka.
[99] Sabo, N. 1994. The Idea of Smart Contracts. https://nakamotoinstitute.org/the-idea-of-smart-contracts/.
[100] Sabo, N. 1998. Smart contracts (Fourth Value Revolution). Statut.
[101] Safiullin, D.N., and Khokhlov, V.A. 1978. Supply plans for certain types of products and contract. Issues Of Improving Economic Legislation 69: 49-73.
[102] Savigny, F.K. 1876. Obligation law. Printing house of A.V. Kudryavtseva.
[103] Serebrovsky, V.I. 1999. Selected works on inheritance and insurance law. Statut.
[104] Shcherbyna, V.S. 2013. Business law. Yurinkom Inter.
[105] Shershenevich, G.F. 1911. Russian civil law. Izdaniye Br. Bashmakovykh.
[106] Shevchenko, Ya.M. (ed.) 2003. Civil law of Ukraine. Publishing House ‘In Yure’.
[107] Shimon, S.I. 2012. The concept of property civil legal relations as a sphere of realization and circulation of property rights. Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University 18(17): 132-137.
[108] Shpoltakov, O.V. 2015. Legal regulation of pre-contractual relations in Russian civil law.Moskovskaya Akademiya Ekonomiki I Prava.
[109] Shyshka, R.B. 2013. Characteristics of contracts. Legal Bulletin. Air and Space Law 4: 119-125.
[110] Skriabin, S.V. 2009. Property law. Nauchno-Izdatel'skiy Tsentr KOU.
[111] Spasibo-Fateeva, I.V. 2015. Types of civil rights objects. Journal of Civil Studies 18: 13-18.
[112] Stark, J. 2016. Making sense of blockchain smart contracts. https://www.coindesk.com/making-sense-smart-contracts/.
[113] Stefanchuk,R.O. 2002. The concept, legal nature of personal non-property rights and their place in the civil law system. Bulletin of Khmelnitsky Institute of Regional Management and Law 1: 56-61.
[114] Stepanyuk, N.V. 2013. Interpretation of a civil law contract theory and practice problems. Statut.
[115] Sukhanov, E.O. 2011. Russian civil law. Statut.
[116] Suleimenov, M.K. 2011. Economic (entrepreneurial) code: improving the legislative system or its collapse? Lawyer 7: 22-30.
[117] Sybilov, M.M. 2011. On the need to preserve the basic conceptual provisions of the current civil code of Ukraine. University Research Notes 2: 74-80.
[118] Taranovsky, F.V. 1917. Encyclopedia of law. K. Mattisen Printing House.
[119] Teryaev, R. 2018. Smart contracts: what, how, when? http://yur-gazeta.com/publications/practice/informaciyne-pravo-telekomunikaciyi/smartkontrakti-shcho-yak-koli.html.
[120] Tikhomirov, Yu.O.1982. Theory of law.Nauka.
[121] Tolstoy, Yu., and Sergeev, A.P. 2005. Civil law.Izd-vo Prospekt.
[122] Treitel, G.H. 1988. Remedies for Breach of Contract. A Comparative Account. Clarendon Press.
[123] Tretyakov, S.V. 2007. The formation of the concept of second rights in the German civilistic doctrine. Civil Law Bulletin 2: 253-270.
[124] Tutriumov, I.M. 2004. Civil laws with explanations of the governing senate and comments of Russian lawyers.Statut.
[125] Vlasova, A.V. 1998. The structure of subjective civil law. Yaroslavl State University.
[126] Volkov, O.V. 2009. Conscientiousness and reasonableness in the concept of ‘Abuse of civil law’. Actual Problems of Russian Law 3:240-250.
[127] Yakovlev, V. F. 1985. Civil law. Vysshaya Shkola.
[128] Yavorska, O.S. 2014. Principles of fairness, integrity, reasonableness and their implementation in civil law. problems of state formation and protection of human rights in Ukraine. Paper presented at the XX Regional Scientific and Practical Conference (pp. 220-223), February 6-7, in Lviv, Ukraine.
[129] Zeckel, E. 2007. Secondary rights in civil law. Civil Law Bulletin 2: 205-252.
[130] Zimmermann, R. 1992. The law of obligations. Roman foundations of the civilian tradition. Juta & Co LTD.
[131] Zweigert, K., and Kötz, H. 1998. Introduction to comparative law in the field of private law. (Vol. 2). Nauka.
[2] Agarkov, M.M. 2012. Selected works on civil law. Statut.
[3] Aleksashina, Yu.B. 2012a. Contract as an element of the social self-regulation subsystem. Entrepreneurship. Economics and Law: a Scientific-Practical, Economic-Legal Journal 11 (203): 33-35.
[4] Aleksashina, Yu.B. 2012. Contract in private law as a regulator of social relations: author’s thesis. Candidate of Juridical Sciences.
[5] Alekseev, S.S. 1962. Civil law during the expanded construction of communism. Gosyurizdat.
[6] Assesorova, A.V. 2014. ‘Ontologism and irrationalism’ of the philosophy of law by I. G. Fichte in the interpretation of B. P. Vysheslavtsev. Bulletin of Perm University. Jurisprudence 1: 10-22.
[7] Azrilian, A.N (Ed.). 2007. Law Dictionary. Institute of the New Economy.
[8] Basin, Yu.G., Suleimenov, M.K., Osipov, E.B., and Chentsova, O.I. 2004. Subsoil use contracts: problems of legal qualification and systematization. Invest Kazakhstan 1: 88 - 91.
[9] Bazedov, Yu. 2011. Freedom of contract in the European Union. Right. Journal of the Higher School of Economics 2: 88-107.
[10] Beklenishcheva, I.V. 2006. Civil contract: classic tradition and current trends. Statut.
[11] Beliaev, K.P. 2004. Non-profit organizations in the system of legal entities. Civilistic Notes 3: 462-468.
[12] Belianevich, O.A. 2006. Economic contract law of Ukraine.Yurinkom Inter.
[13] Belov, V.A. 2003. Civil law: general and special parts. Center YurInfoR.
[14] Berveno, S.M. 2018. Categories of spirituality in civil law of Ukraine. Bulletin of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 26: 90-97.
[15] Bezkluby, I.A. 2008.Theoretical principles of the formation of the transaction. Legal Bulletin. Air and Space Law 4: 29-34.
[16] Bodnar, T.V. 2004. Features of legal regulation of execution of obligations under foreign economic agreements (contracts). Bulletin of Khmelnitsky Institute of Regional Management and Law 1-2: 83-88.
[17] Bogdanov, E.V. 1997. The essence and responsibility of a legal entity. The Soviet State And Law 10: 97-102.
[18] Borisova, V.I., et al. 2011. Civil law. Pravo.
[19] Borodovskii, S.O. 2014. Investigation of the institute of ways to protect civil rights and interests protected by law in jurisdiction. Journal of Civil and Criminal Justice 5: 67-85.
[20] Braginsky, M.I., and Vitryansky, V.V. 1999. Contract law.general provisions. Statut.
[21] Bratus, S.M. 1963. The course of Soviet civil law. Gosyurizdat.
[22] Cartwright, D. 1951. The nature of group cohesiveness. In: D. Cartwright, A. Zander (Eds.), Group Dynamics: Research and Theory, 91- 109. Harper & Row.
[23] Chuchkovskaia, A.V. 2007. Legal regulation of e-commerce in Ukraine.Tsentr Uchbovoyi Literatury.
[24] Didenko, A.G. 2001. The category of the contract, its place and significance in post-Soviet law. In A.G. Didenko (Ed.) Civil legislation of Kazakhstan: Articles, comments, practice. AJ-VSHP ‘Adilet’.
[25] Dikovskaya, I.A. 2015. Form of agreements on the choice of law applicable to the contract. Almanac of International Law 7: 133-141.
[26] Dzera, O.V. 2002. The concept of civil law and its place in the system of law of Ukraine. Bulletin of Khmelnitsky Institute of Regional Management and Law 2: 9-13.
[27] Egorov, Yu.P. 2005. Transactions in the mechanism of civil law regulation. Civilistic Notes: Interuniversity Collection of Scientific Papers 4: 246-266.
[28] Ershov, Yu.L. 2001. The principle of freedom of contract and its implementation in the civil law of the Russian Federation: PhD diss., Yekaterinburg University.
[29] Fleischitz, E.A. 1948. Responsibility of state bodies for property damage caused by officials.Yurizdat.
[30] Fursa, S.Ya. 2015. Guardian over the interests of an unknown person in civil and executive processes. Civilistic Procedural Thought 1: 86-90.
[31] Gambarov, Yu.S. 1911. Civil law. A common part. Tipografiya M.M. Stasyulevicha.
[32] Gauze, F.I. 1972. Socialist civil law contract.Yuridicheskaya Literatura.
[33] Getman, A.P., Borisova, V. І., and Yevsyeyev, O.P. 2012. Treaty as a universal legal construction. Pravo.
[34] Gnitsevich, K.V. 2009. The doctrine of culpa in contrahendo in the judicial practice of Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. Leningrad Journal of Law 3: 148-162.
[35] Golevinskii, V.I. 1872. On the origin and division of obligations.Tipografiya Osipa Bergera.
[36] Grave, K.A. 1950. Contractual penalty in Soviet law. Gosyurizdat.
[37] Gribanov, V.P. 2001. Implementation and protection of civil rights.Statut.
[38] Grimm, D.D. 1904. The course of Roman law.Tipografiya M.M. Stasyulevicha.
[39] Guliaev, A.M. 1913. Russian civil law: a review of current legislation, cassation practice. Tipografiya M.M. Stasyulevicha.
[40] Hesselink, M.W. 2006. The ideal codification and the dynamics of europeanisation: the Dutch experience. European Law Journal 12(3): 279-305.
[41] Idrysheva, S.K. 2012. Public contract in the civil law of Kazakhstan: problems of theory and practice: author’s thesis. Doctor of Juridical Sciences.
[42] Iering, R. 2013. Culpa in contrahendo, or indemnification for invalidity or non-conclusion of contracts. Bulletin of Civil Law 3: 190 - 266.
[43] Ilyushina, M.N. 2019.Civil legal elements of the control mechanism for compliance with the costs of persons replacing state positions and other persons of their income. Civil Law Journal 6: 3-7.
[44] Ioffe, O.S. 1967. On some theoretical issues of civil law science. Bulletin of the Leningrad University 3: 84-97.
[45] Ispaieva, G.B. 2006. Treaty in private international law: conflict issues. Features of conflict regulation of contractual obligations under the laws of the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan. Journal of Russian Law 9: 37-41.
[46] Kalaur, I.R. 2009. Term of use of property as an essential condition of the lease. Actual Problems of Improving the Current Legislation of Ukraine 21: 109-113.
[47] Karapetov, A.G. 2012. The economic basis of the principle of freedom of contract. Bulletin of Civil Law 12 (3): 66-154.
[48] Karapetov, A.G. 2013. Contra proferentem as a method of treaty interpretation. Bulletin of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation 7: 10.
[49] Karpeev, O.V. 2013. The subject composition of the nodal agreement as a civil contract. Legal World 5: 38-40.
[50] Kazantsev, M.F. 2008. The concept of civil contractual regulation: author’s thesis. Doctor of Juridical Sciences.
[51] Kecekian, S.F. 1958. Legal relations in a socialist society. Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
[52] Khalfina, R.O. 1954. On the subject of Soviet civil law. The Soviet State And Law 8: 82 - 86.
[53] Khanyk-Pospolitak, R.Yu. 2018. Representation in the civil process under the new civil procedure code of Ukraine. NaUKMA Scientific Notes 1: 50-54.
[54] Kharitonov, E.O. 2010. Some issues of delineation of civil legal relations of intellectual property and information legal relations. Actual Problems of the State and Law 56: 213-218.
[55] Khatniuk, N.S. 2002. Deception as a ground for declaring a transaction invalid. Problems of civil law and the civil process at the current stage of legislative development. Paper presented at the Intercollegiate Student Scientific Conference, 175-179, April 5, in Donetsk, Ukraine.
[56] Klimkin, S.I. 2011. Civil law of Kazakhstan. Nauchno-Izdatel'skiy Tsentr KOU.
[57] Kochan, I. 2014. Legal terminology through the lens of linguistics. Bulletin of the National University ‘Lviv Polytechnic’. Problems of Ukrainian Terminology 791: 112-117.
[58] Kokhanovskaya, O.V. 2017. Private legal understanding of information relations in Ukraine. Journal of Civil Studies 22: 128-133.
[59] Komarov, A.S. 1991. Responsibility in commercial turnover. Nauka.
[60] Korkunov, M.M. 1909. Russian state law. Tipografiya M.M. Stasyulevicha.
[61] Kossak,V.M. 2001. The contract as a basis for the occurrence of mortgage obligations. Bulletin of the University of Lviv. Legal Series 36: 317-321.
[62] Kozlova, E.B. 2015. Contract law: general provisions. RPA.
[63] Krasavchikov, O.O. 1972. Soviet civil law.Progress.
[64] Krasheninnikov,E.A. 1979. The structure of subjective law and the right to defense. The Problem of the Protection of Subjective Rights and Soviet Civil Proceedings 4: 73-82.
[65] Kucher, A.M. 2005. Theory and practice of the pre-contracted phase: legal aspect.Statut.
[66] Kucherenko, I.M. 2007. Organizational and legal forms of public law legal entities. University Research Notes 2: 134-146.
[67] Kuznetsova, N.S. 2012. Treaty in the mechanism of regulation of civil legal relations. Law of Ukraine: Law Journal 9: 12-18.
[68] Lando, O. 2013. Teaching comparative law. Comparative Law 1-2: 450–456.
[69] Lauslahti, K., Mattila, J., and Seppälä, T. 2017. Smart Contracts - How will Blockchain Technology Affect Contractual Practices? ETLA Reports No 68, https://www.etla.fi/wp-content/uploads/ETLA-Raportit-Reports-68.pdf.
[70] Luts, A.V. 2001. Freedom of Agreement in Civil Law of Ukraine: author’s thesis. Candidate of Juridical Sciences.
[71] Luts, V.V. 2009. Contract law of Ukraine: current state and tendencies of development. Legal Bulletin. Air and Space Law 2: 52-55.
[72] Maidanyk, R.A.2007. Hereditary agreement in the civil law of Ukraine. University Research Notes 2: 90-105.
[73] Manigk, A. 1928. Tatsachen, yuristische. Handworterbuch der Rechtswissenschaft.
[74] Marchenko, М.М. 2014. Sources of law. NITS INFRA-M.
[75] Mariano, B. 2016. Unpacking the term ‘Smart Contract’. https://medium.com/@ConsenSys/unpacking-the-term-smart-contract-e63238f7db65.
[76] Marusheva, O.G. 2012. Peculiarities of defining the concept of a trade mark. Law and Security 5: 214 217.
[77] Matveev, G.K. 1951. Wines in Soviet civil law. Life.
[78] Maydanik, N.I. 2008. Pre-contractual liability in the civil law of Ukraine. In R.A. Maydanik. Almanac of Civil Studies. Pravova yednist.
[79] Meyer,D.I. 2003. Russian civil law.Statut.
[80] Milash, V.S. 2016. Contractual aspects of economic and industrial relations in the field of e-commerce. Economic Theory and Law 1: 87-99.
[81] Morozov, S.Yu. 2010. Civil law. Eksmo.
[82] Mozolin, V.P., and Farnsworth, E.A. 1989. Contract law in the USA and the USSR: history and general concepts. NORMA.
[83] Novitsky, I.B. 1960. Roman law.Izdatel'stvo Yurayt.
[84] Oliukha, V.G. 2005. Public contract in the system of civil contracts. Bulletin of the Academy of Advocates of Ukraine 2: 54-60.
[85] Pavlenko, D.G. 2019. Realization of the principle of integrity in contractual relations in the context of case law. Lawyer 8: 6-9.
[86] Pereterskii, I.S., et al. 2004. Roman private law. Yurist.
[87] Pervomaysky, O.O. 2018. Codification of civil law: interim results and future prospects. Private Law and Entrepreneurship 18: 25-28.
[88] Pevzner, O.G. 1958. The concept of civil relations and some issues of the theory of subjective civil rights. Scientist NotesVYUZI 5: 23-31.
[89] Pobedonostsev, K.P.2003. Civil law course: contracts and obligations.Statut.
[90] Poghribny, S.O. 2006. The concept of civil law regulation of social relations. Bulletin of the Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 33: 25-37.
[91] Pokrovsky, I.A. 1917. The main problems of civil law. Pravo.
[92] Pokrovsky, Y.O. 1899. Compensation of harm and its decomposition. The dilemmas of modern civil law in the area of liability for harm and loss. Bulletin of Law 9: 1-39.
[93] Puginsky, B.I. 2002. Civil contract. Bulletin of the University of Moscow 11(2): 44-48.
[94] Pylypenko, S.A. 2015. Contractual obligations in the civil law of Ukraine, England and the USA. Carpathian Legal Bulletin 3: 52-55.
[95] Raval, S. 2017. Decentralized applications. Blockchain technology in action. Piter.
[96] Rennenkampf, M.K. 1880. Essays on the legal encyclopedia.Universitetskiye Izvestiya.
[97] Romanets, Yu.V. 2013. The system of contracts in the civil law of Russia. NITS INFRA-M.
[98] Rozhkova, M.A. 2010. Theories of legal facts of civil and procedural law: concepts, classifications, basics of interaction. Nauka.
[99] Sabo, N. 1994. The Idea of Smart Contracts. https://nakamotoinstitute.org/the-idea-of-smart-contracts/.
[100] Sabo, N. 1998. Smart contracts (Fourth Value Revolution). Statut.
[101] Safiullin, D.N., and Khokhlov, V.A. 1978. Supply plans for certain types of products and contract. Issues Of Improving Economic Legislation 69: 49-73.
[102] Savigny, F.K. 1876. Obligation law. Printing house of A.V. Kudryavtseva.
[103] Serebrovsky, V.I. 1999. Selected works on inheritance and insurance law. Statut.
[104] Shcherbyna, V.S. 2013. Business law. Yurinkom Inter.
[105] Shershenevich, G.F. 1911. Russian civil law. Izdaniye Br. Bashmakovykh.
[106] Shevchenko, Ya.M. (ed.) 2003. Civil law of Ukraine. Publishing House ‘In Yure’.
[107] Shimon, S.I. 2012. The concept of property civil legal relations as a sphere of realization and circulation of property rights. Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University 18(17): 132-137.
[108] Shpoltakov, O.V. 2015. Legal regulation of pre-contractual relations in Russian civil law.Moskovskaya Akademiya Ekonomiki I Prava.
[109] Shyshka, R.B. 2013. Characteristics of contracts. Legal Bulletin. Air and Space Law 4: 119-125.
[110] Skriabin, S.V. 2009. Property law. Nauchno-Izdatel'skiy Tsentr KOU.
[111] Spasibo-Fateeva, I.V. 2015. Types of civil rights objects. Journal of Civil Studies 18: 13-18.
[112] Stark, J. 2016. Making sense of blockchain smart contracts. https://www.coindesk.com/making-sense-smart-contracts/.
[113] Stefanchuk,R.O. 2002. The concept, legal nature of personal non-property rights and their place in the civil law system. Bulletin of Khmelnitsky Institute of Regional Management and Law 1: 56-61.
[114] Stepanyuk, N.V. 2013. Interpretation of a civil law contract theory and practice problems. Statut.
[115] Sukhanov, E.O. 2011. Russian civil law. Statut.
[116] Suleimenov, M.K. 2011. Economic (entrepreneurial) code: improving the legislative system or its collapse? Lawyer 7: 22-30.
[117] Sybilov, M.M. 2011. On the need to preserve the basic conceptual provisions of the current civil code of Ukraine. University Research Notes 2: 74-80.
[118] Taranovsky, F.V. 1917. Encyclopedia of law. K. Mattisen Printing House.
[119] Teryaev, R. 2018. Smart contracts: what, how, when? http://yur-gazeta.com/publications/practice/informaciyne-pravo-telekomunikaciyi/smartkontrakti-shcho-yak-koli.html.
[120] Tikhomirov, Yu.O.1982. Theory of law.Nauka.
[121] Tolstoy, Yu., and Sergeev, A.P. 2005. Civil law.Izd-vo Prospekt.
[122] Treitel, G.H. 1988. Remedies for Breach of Contract. A Comparative Account. Clarendon Press.
[123] Tretyakov, S.V. 2007. The formation of the concept of second rights in the German civilistic doctrine. Civil Law Bulletin 2: 253-270.
[124] Tutriumov, I.M. 2004. Civil laws with explanations of the governing senate and comments of Russian lawyers.Statut.
[125] Vlasova, A.V. 1998. The structure of subjective civil law. Yaroslavl State University.
[126] Volkov, O.V. 2009. Conscientiousness and reasonableness in the concept of ‘Abuse of civil law’. Actual Problems of Russian Law 3:240-250.
[127] Yakovlev, V. F. 1985. Civil law. Vysshaya Shkola.
[128] Yavorska, O.S. 2014. Principles of fairness, integrity, reasonableness and their implementation in civil law. problems of state formation and protection of human rights in Ukraine. Paper presented at the XX Regional Scientific and Practical Conference (pp. 220-223), February 6-7, in Lviv, Ukraine.
[129] Zeckel, E. 2007. Secondary rights in civil law. Civil Law Bulletin 2: 205-252.
[130] Zimmermann, R. 1992. The law of obligations. Roman foundations of the civilian tradition. Juta & Co LTD.
[131] Zweigert, K., and Kötz, H. 1998. Introduction to comparative law in the field of private law. (Vol. 2). Nauka.
Published
2019-12-31
How to Cite
ZOZULYAK, Olga I. et al.
Actual Issues of Treaty Law in CIS Countries.
Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 7, p. 2207 – 2220, dec. 2019.
ISSN 2068-696X.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jarle/article/view/5018>. Date accessed: 03 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v10.7(45).35.
Section
Articles
The Copyright Transfer Form to ASERS Publishing (The Publisher)
This form refers to the manuscript, which an author(s) was accepted for publication and was signed by all the authors.
The undersigned Author(s) of the above-mentioned Paper here transfer any and all copyright-rights in and to The Paper to The Publisher. The Author(s) warrants that The Paper is based on their original work and that the undersigned has the power and authority to make and execute this assignment. It is the author's responsibility to obtain written permission to quote material that has been previously published in any form. The Publisher recognizes the retained rights noted below and grants to the above authors and employers for whom the work performed royalty-free permission to reuse their materials below. Authors may reuse all or portions of the above Paper in other works, excepting the publication of the paper in the same form. Authors may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce the above Paper for the Author's personal use or for internal company use, provided that the source and The Publisher copyright notice are mentioned, that the copies are not used in any way that implies The Publisher endorsement of a product or service of an employer, and that the copies are not offered for sale as such. Authors are permitted to grant third party requests for reprinting, republishing or other types of reuse. The Authors may make limited distribution of all or portions of the above Paper prior to publication if they inform The Publisher of the nature and extent of such limited distribution prior there to. Authors retain all proprietary rights in any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in The Paper. This agreement becomes null and void if and only if the above paper is not accepted and published by The Publisher, or is with drawn by the author(s) before acceptance by the Publisher.