Latent Crime Research Methodology in Europe, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and Kazakhstan

  • Nazira K. ABDRAMANOVA Department of Jurisprudence, Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan
  • Anar B. BEKENOVA Department of Civil Law and Procedure, M. Kh. Dulaty Taraz State University, Taraz, Kazakhstan
  • Maksat B. ABAYEV Department of State and Administrative Law, M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz State University, Taraz, Kazakhstan
  • Talgat B. SATKEY Department of State and Administrative Law, M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz State University, Taraz, Kazakhstan
  • Madina A. ALIMBEKOVA Department of History and Law, Taraz Innovative-Humanitarian University, Taraz, Kazakhstan

Abstract

The study is relevant due to the fact that latent crime is expressed not only in the form of a share of unregistered crimes, but also in the form of a share of acts that are not registered in criminal reporting by their element. Each of the elements of a crime is formed on the basis of a comparison of the gravity of the act with its public danger and the form of its content in accordance with criminal legislation. In this regard, the main importance for the study of latent crime is acquired by methods not only of investigating the percentage of latent crimes by known elements, but also by identifying related details on the structure of crimes. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the specifics of the investigation are factored in and adapted in relation to crimes that may not always be regarded as socially dangerous acts. The authors of the article demonstrate that the possibility of classifying a particular act as a crime of a latent type is based primarily on the fact that achieving full disclosure of criminal acts is not always possible. And, therefore, this approach should determine the typological error in the determined form of acts. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that latent crime can be fully localized only in those communities that form the legal basis of the state.


 

References

[1] Abdullah, A., Hedayati Marzbali, M., Woolley,A.Bahauddin, H., and Maliki, N.Z. 2014. Testing for individual factors for the fear of crime using a multiple indicator-multiple cause model. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 20(1): 1-22. DOI:10.1007/s10610-013-9208-4.
[2] Abramov, R.A., Sokolov, M.S. 2016. Theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of anti-corruption mechanisms in the system of higher education of the Russian Federation. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education 11(15): 7431-7440.
[3] Akimzhanov, T., et al. 2017. Insufficient study of the organized crime as one of the reasons of its high latency. Astra Salvensis 5(10): 103-112.
[4] Apel, R. 2005. Desisting from crime: continuity and change in long-term crime patterns of serious chronic offenders. Crime, Law and Social Change 44(2): 205-209. DOI:10.1007/s10611-005-9003-3.
[5] Brownfield, D., and A.M. Sorenson. 1987. A latent structure analysis of delinquency. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 3(2): 103-124. DOI:10.1007/BF01064211.
[6] Chaudhuri, K., Chowdhury, P., and Reilly, K. 2013. A new perspective on violent crime burden index: evidence from Indian districts. Social Indicators Research 110(2): 771-789. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9958-7.
[7] DeLisi, M. 2016. Psychopathy, assessment, and the structure of crime. In: Psychopathy as Unified Theory of Crime, 61-95. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US. DOI:10.1057/978-1-137-46907-6_3.
[8] DiCristina, B., and Gottschalk, M. 2008. The violence of persuasive argument: using Durkheim to outline a latent barrier to a nonviolent criminology. Critical Criminology 16(1): 17-38. DOI:10.1007/s10612-007-9043-3.
[9] Eggleston, E.P., Laub, J.H., and Sampson, R.J. 2004. Methodological sensitivities to latent class analysis of long-term criminal trajectories. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 20(1): 1-26. DOI: 10.1023/B:JOQC.0000016696.02763.ce.
[10] Francis, B., and Liu, J. 2015. Modelling escalation in crime seriousness: a latent variable approach. METRON 73(2): 277-297. DOI:10.1007/s40300-015-0073-4.
[11] Gurudut, K.S., Rashmi, K.S., Shetty, A.K., Pushpa, M.G. 2016. A five year retrospective study on autopsied cases of crime against women U/S 304[B], 498[A] & 306 IPC at BIMS, Belagavi. Medico-Legal Update 16(1): 93-97.
[12] Hope, T., and Norris, P.A. 2013. Heterogeneity in the frequency distribution of crime victimization. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 29(4): 543-578. DOI:10.1007/s10940-012-9190-x.
[13] Karmaza, O.O., et al. 2018. The protection of civil rights and interests in the court. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9(8): 2622-2630.
[14] Kooi, B.R. 2013. Assessing the correlation between bus stop densities and residential crime typologies. Crime Prevention and Community Safety 15(2): 81-105. DOI:10.1057/cpcs.2012.15.
[15] Kostruba, A.V. 2018. Law enforcement as a form of realization of right: Phenomenological analysis experience (Civilized aspect). Revista de Derecho Civil 5(1): 177-190.
[16] Kuang, D., Brantingham, P.J., and Bertozzi, A.L. 2017. Crime topic modelling. Crime Science 6(1): 1-20. DOI:10.1186/s40163-017-0074-0.
[17] Laina, E. 2016. An international roadmap for tackling environmental crime. Environmental Policy and Law 46(1): 29-31.
[18] Naseri, M.R.M., Milani, A., Aghaee, M. 2018. Comparative analysis of crimes against domestic and foreign security in the military penal code and other criminal laws. Astra Salvensis 6: 85-95.
[19] Osgood, D.W., McMorris, B.J., and Potenza, M.T. 2002b. Analyzing multiple-item measures of crime and deviance I: item response theory scaling. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 18(3): 267-296. DOI: 10.1023/A:1016008004010.
[20] Osgood, D.W., Finken, L.L., and McMorris, B.J. 2002a. Analyzing multiple-item measures of crime and deviance II: Tobit regression analysis of transformed scores. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 18(4): 319-347. DOI:10.1023/A:1021198509929.
[21] Pathak, A.G., et al. 2017. Visit to a scene of crime to determine manner of death. Medico-Legal Update 17(2): 192-196.
[22] Polakowski, M. 1994. Linking self- and social control with deviance: Illuminating the structure underlying a general theory of crime and its relation to deviant activity. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 10(1): 41-78. DOI: 10.1007/BF02221008.
[23] Polovchenko, K.A. 2019. Sources of international law in the legal system of a modern state. Opcion 35(Special Issue 22): 1507-1520.
[24] Quick, M. 2019. Multiscale spatiotemporal patterns of crime: a Bayesian cross-classified multilevel modelling approach. Journal of Geographical Systems 21(3): 339-365. DOI:10.1007/s10109-019-00305-2.
[25] Rakhmetollov, A.K., et al. 2018. Law enforcement agencies in the system for the rights of entrepreneurs protection. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9(7): 2408-2414.
[26] Ramirez, M.D. 2015. Racial discrimination, fear of crime, and variability in blacks’ preferences for punitive and preventative anti-crime policies. Political Behavior 37(2): 419-439. DOI:10.1007/s11109-014-9285-1.
[27] Sandhya Manohar, W. 2016. Sexual crimes against women in India - Acritical analysis. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 10(2): 1-5.
[28] Skrypniuk, O.V., et al. 2019. Criteria and basic signs of the lawful protection of the person's interests from socially dangerous encroachment as a factor, which excludes criminality of an act: International experience. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues 22(4): 1544-0044-22-4-398.
[29] Sommer, C.G. 2018. Imprescriptibility of the claims action for crimes against humanity and the state liability. Comments on Argentine jurisprudence and legislation. Revista Derecho del Estado 41: 285-315.
[30] Speckart, G., and Anglin, M.D. 1986. Narcotics and crime: a causal modelling approach. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 2(1): 3-28. DOI:10.1007/BF01064593.
[31] Tacij, V.J., Tjutjugin, V.I., Grodeckij, J.V. 2014. Conceptual model establish responsibility for offense in the legislation of Ukraine (draft). Criminology Journal of Baikal National University of Economics and Law 3: 166-183.
[32] Vasdekis, V.G.S., Cagnone, S., and Moustaki, I. 2012. A composite likelihood inference in latent variable models for ordinal longitudinal responses. Psychometrika 77(3): 425-441. DOI:10.1007/s11336-012-9264-6.
[33] Walters, G.D. 2015. The latent structure of criminal persistence: a taxometric analysis of offending behavior from late adolescence to early adulthood in adjudicated male delinquents. American Journal of Criminal Justice 40(3): 542-559. DOI:10.1007/s12103-014-9272-4.
[34] Zhang, Y., Siriaraya, P., Kawai, Y., and Jatowt, A. 2019. Time and location recommendation for crime prevention. In: M. Bakaev, F. Frasincar, & I.-Y. Ko (Eds.), Web Engineering (pp. 47-62). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Published
2019-09-30
How to Cite
ABDRAMANOVA, Nazira K. et al. Latent Crime Research Methodology in Europe, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and Kazakhstan. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 5, p. 1358-1369, sep. 2019. ISSN 2068-696X. Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jarle/article/view/4818>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
Citation Formats
Issue
Vol 10 No 5 (2019): JARLE Volume X Issue 5(43) Fall 2019
Section
Articles

The Copyright Transfer Form to ASERS Publishing (The Publisher)
This form refers to the manuscript, which an author(s) was accepted for publication and was signed by all the authors.
The undersigned Author(s) of the above-mentioned Paper here transfer any and all copyright-rights in and to The Paper to The Publisher. The Author(s) warrants that The Paper is based on their original work and that the undersigned has the power and authority to make and execute this assignment. It is the author's responsibility to obtain written permission to quote material that has been previously published in any form. The Publisher recognizes the retained rights noted below and grants to the above authors and employers for whom the work performed royalty-free permission to reuse their materials below. Authors may reuse all or portions of the above Paper in other works, excepting the publication of the paper in the same form. Authors may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce the above Paper for the Author's personal use or for internal company use, provided that the source and The Publisher copyright notice are mentioned, that the copies are not used in any way that implies The Publisher endorsement of a product or service of an employer, and that the copies are not offered for sale as such. Authors are permitted to grant third party requests for reprinting, republishing or other types of reuse. The Authors may make limited distribution of all or portions of the above Paper prior to publication if they inform The Publisher of the nature and extent of such limited distribution prior there to. Authors retain all proprietary rights in any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in The Paper. This agreement becomes null and void if and only if the above paper is not accepted and published by The Publisher, or is with drawn by the author(s) before acceptance by the Publisher.