Military Justice Institutions of the USSR in the 1930s – 1950s: the Soviet and Russian Historiography
Abstract
The authors of this article analyze institutions of the Soviet military justice system presented in both Soviet and Russian historiography. The main objective is to compare historiographical concepts of the Soviet and modern periods in connection with military tribunals. The study uses the comparative-historical method. Throughout the research, the authors have concluded that the historiography under consideration can be divided into two periods. The first lasted until the early 1990s, and the second one started in the 1990s and continues to this day. Most studies conducted in the first and the second periods are too descriptive. Scholars mainly list institutions of the Soviet judicial system. They do not consider grounds for the formation of these institutions or the factors that caused their later reforms. However, Soviet scholars describe in detail the facade of the judicial system, while post-Soviet scientists are able to document their observations in a free form. At the same time, the latter form two groups. The first group of researchers still believes Soviet courts were well organized and functioned effectively. The second group holds to an opinion that Soviet courts were an instrument of repression
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[2] Berezhnova, L., Tarasov, D. 2017. Funktsionirovanie voennoi yustitsii v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny 1941-1945 gg. (istoriko-pravovoi aspekt) [The Functioning of Military Justice during the Great Patriotic War. 1941-1945 (Historical and Legal Aspect)]. Ustoichivoe razvitie nauki i obrazovaniya, 1, 7-14.
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[7] Epifanov, A.E. 2017. Organizatsionnye i pravovye osnovy nakazaniya gitlerovskikh voennykh prestupnikov i ikh posobnikov v SSSR: 1941-1956 [Organizational and Legal Grounds for the Punishment of German War Criminals and Their Allies in the USSR. 1941-1956]. Moscow: 223-228).
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[18] Kolchevskii, A.V. 2017. Deyatelnost organov voennoi yustitsii v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny 1941-1945 gg. (istoriko-pravovoi aspekt) [The Functioning of Military Justice during the Great Patriotic War in 1941-1945 (Historical and Legal Aspect)]. In Napravleniya i perspektivy razvitiya obrazovaniya v voennykh institutakh voisk natsionalnoi gvardii Rossiiskoi Federatsii, Konferentsiya, Novosibirsk, 29 dekabrya 2016 g. [Directions and Prospects of Education Development in Military Institutions of the National Conference, Novosibirsk:437-442;
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[23] Lysov, V.A. 2008. Karatelnaya politika Sovetskogo gosudarstva i osobennosti sudoproizvodstva po gosudarstvennym prestupleniyam v period Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny (1941-1945): istoriko-pravovoe issledovanie: dissertatsiya … kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [The Penal Policy of the Soviet State and Specific Proceedings of State Crimes during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945): Historical and Legal Research]. Krasnodar: 223.
[24] Mamykin, A.S. 2015. Obespechenie obvinyaemomu prava na zashchitu v voennykh tribunalakh v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny [The Enforcement of the Suspect’s Right to Defense in Military Tribunals during the Great Patriotic War]. Rossiiskoe pravosudie,5(109), 5-12.
[25] Milbakh, V.S. 2007. Osobaya Krasnoznamennaya Dalnevostochnaya armiya. Politicheskie repressii komandno-nachalstvuyushchego sostava: 1937-1938 [The Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army. Political Repression of Supreme Commanders. 1937-1938]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo SPbGU: 352.
[26] Milbakh, V.S. 2012. Politicheskie repressii komandno-nachalstvuyushchego sostava. 1937-1938. Sibirskii voennyi okrug [Political Repression of Supreme Commanders. 1937-1938. The Siberian Military District]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo SPbGU:344.
[27] Milbakh, V.S. 2013. Politicheskie repressii komandno-nachalstvuyushchego sostava, 1937-1938. Tikhookeanskii flot [Political Repression of Supreme Commanders, 1937-1938. The Pacific Fleet]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo SPbGU:332.
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[29] Milbakh, V.S. 2014b. Politicheskie repressii komandno-nachalstvuyushchego sostava. 1937-1938. Amurskaya Krasnoznamennaya voennaya flotiliya [Political repression of supreme commanders. 1937-1938. The Red Banner Amur military flotilla]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo SPbGU: 232.
[30] Milbakh, V.S. 2014c. Politicheskie repressii komandno-nachalstvuyushchego sostava. 1937-1938. Zabaikalskii voennyi okrug i 57-i osobyi strelkovyi korpus [Political Repression of Supreme Commanders. 1937-1938. The Transbaikal Military District and the 57th Special Infantry Corps]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo SPbGU:363.
[31] Milbakh, V.S. 2018. Politicheskie repressii komandno-nachalstvuyushchego sostava. 1937-1938. Krasnoznamennyi Chernomorskii Flot [Political repression of supreme commanders. 1937-1938. The Red Banner Black Sea Fleet]. Saint Petersburg: Gangut: 340).
[32] Milbakh, V.S., Grigoryan, A.M., Chernavskii, A.N. 2013. Politicheskie repressii komandno-nachalstvuyushchego sostava (1937-1938). Leningradskii voennyi okrug [Political repression of Supreme Commanders (1937-1938). The Leningrad Military District]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo SPbGU: 422.
[33] Milbakh, V.S., Sapozhnikov, A.G., Churakov, D.R. 2014. Politicheskie repressii komandno-nachalstvuyushchego sostava. 1937-1938. Severnyi flot [Political repression of supreme commanders. 1937-1938. The Northern fleet]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo SPbGU: 216.
[34] Obukhov, V.V. 2002a. Zabytaya vetv voennoi yustitsii: voennye tribunaly voisk NKVD SSSR v predvoennye gody 1939-1941 [The Historical Branch of Military Justice: Military Tribunals of NKVD Troops in the USSR before the War (1939-1941)]. Pravo i politika, 5.
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[36] Panichev, V. 1995. Voennaya prokuratura v gody voiny [Military Procuracy in Wartime]. Zakonnost, 3, 28-34.
[37] Petukhov, N.A. 1995. Deyatelnost organov voennoi yustitsii v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny [The Functioning of Military Justice Institutions during the Great Patriotic War]. Gosudarstvo i pravo, 8, 83-85.
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Published
2018-09-30
How to Cite
KODINTSEV, Aleksandr Yakovlevich; SHKAREVSKY, Denis Nikolaevich.
Military Justice Institutions of the USSR in the 1930s – 1950s: the Soviet and Russian Historiography.
Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 5, p. 1676-1683, sep. 2018.
ISSN 2068-696X.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jarle/article/view/3385>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v9.5(35).20.
Section
Articles
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