Factory Farming and Ocean Degradation: Coopetitive Strategies for the Environment
Abstract
In this study, we propose possible coopetitive strategies between countries in order to reduce environmental problems related to the meat production. In particular, the problem of factory farming and ocean degradation is studied.We propose a coopetitive strategy focused in investments promoting and suggesting the change of diet (reformulating food products towards a healthy diet based on vegetables) and improving the sustainability of production practices (production of plant-based food and reduction of the associated emissions).
We create a mathematical model of interaction between two players and we completely study the associated game, suggesting a possible compromise solution.
References
References:
[1]. Aleksandrowic, L., Green, R., Joy, E. et al. (2016). The Impacts of Dietary Change on Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Land Use, Water Use, and Helath: A Systematic Review. Plos One, 11(11).
[2]. Arthanari, T., Carfì, D., Musolino, F. Game Theoretic Modeling of Horizontal Supply Chain Coopetition among Growers. International Game Theory Review, 17(2), (2015). doi: 10.1142/S0219198915400137
[3]. Branderburger, A.M., Nalebuff, B.J., 1996. Coopetition. New York, Currency Doubleday.
[4]. Brandenburger, A. M., Nalebuff, B.J., 1995. The Right Game: Use Game Theory to Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, 64, 57-71, July-August.
[5]. M. Campbell, M., Carfì, D. Speculative and hedging interaction model in oil and U.S. dollar markets – Phase Transition, Journal of Statistical Physics, vol. 170, issue 1, pp. 165-205, (2018). doi: 10.1007/s10955-017-1915-7
[6]. Carfì, D. Optimal boundaries for decisions. AAPP | Physical, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, 86(1), pp. 1-11, (2008). doi: 10.1478/C1A0801002
[7]. Carfì, D. A model for coopetitive games. Journal of Mathematical Economics and Finance, 1(1), 46-75, (2015).
[8]. Carfì, D., Campbell, M. Speculative and hedging interaction model in oil and U.S. dollar markets - Nash equilibria for one or more banks, AAPP | Physical, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, vol. 96, Suppl. 1, (2018). doi: 10.1478/AAPP.96S1A1
[9]. Carfì, D., Donato, A. Environmental Management through coopetitive urban waste recycling in eco-industrial parks. Mathematics, 9: 2520, 2021. doi: 10.3390/math9192520
[10]. Carfì, D., Donato, A.: Coopetitive Games for Sustainability of Global Feeding and Climate Change: Recent Developments. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9(1(25)), 200-215 (2018). DOI jemt.v9.1(25).25
[11]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., 2019. Cournot-Bayesian General Equilibrium: A Radon Measure Approach. Mathematics, vol. 7, issue 1, pp. 10-29. doi: 10.3390/math7010010
[12]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., Fredella, M.I., Squillante, M., 2021: Coopetitive games for Environmental Sustainability: Climate Change and Decision Global Policies. Socio-Economic Planning Science, 75 (2021). DOI 10.1016/j.seps.2020.100807
[13]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., Fredella, M.I., Squillante, M.: Plastic Ocean and Climate Change: a coopetitive integrated approach (2019). DOI 10.13140/RG.2.2.16869.55529. Conference: AGU Fall Meeting 2019, December 9-13, 2019, San Francisco, USA (Last access September 2020)
[14]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., Gambarelli, G. Kalai-Smorodinsky Balance for N-tuples of Interfering Elements. In N.T. Nguyen et al. (Eds.), Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence XXVII, LNCS 10480, pp. 1–27 (2017). doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-70647-4_1
[15]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., Panuccio, D. A Game Theory Coopetitive Perspective for Sustainability of Global Feeding: Agreements Among Vegan and Non-Vegan Food Firms. In A. J. Vasile and D. Nicolò editors, Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Investments in the Green Economy, volume of Book Series on Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage (ABSCA), pp. 100-143, (2017). doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2075-7.ch004
[16]. Carfì, D., Musolino, F.: A coopetitive-dynamical game model for currency markets stabilization. AAPP | Physical, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, vol. 93, issue 1, pp. 1-29, (2015). doi: 10.1478/AAPP.931C1.
[17]. Carfì, D., Musolino, F.: Speculative and hedging interaction model in oil and U.S. dollar markets with financial transaction taxes. Economic Modelling, vol.37, pp. 306-319, (2014). doi: 10.1016/j.econmod.2013.11.003
[18]. Carfì, D., Musolino, F.: Game theory and speculation on government bonds. Economic Modelling, vol. 29, issue 6, pp. 2417-2426, (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.econmod.2012.06.037
[19]. Carfì, D., Perrone, E.: Game Complete Analysis of Classic Economic Duopolies. Lambert Academic Publishing (2012)
[20]. Carfì, D., Perrone, E.: Asymmetric Cournot duopoly: A game complete analysis. Journal of Reviews on Global Economics 2, 194-202 (2013). DOI 10.6000/1929-7092.2013.02.16
[21]. Carfì, D., Romeo, A.: Improving Welfare in Congo: Italian National Hydrocarbons Authority Strategies and its Possible Coopetitive Alliances with Green Energy Producers. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, vol. 10, issue 4 (34), pp. 571-592, (2015).
[22]. Carfì, D., Schilirò, D.: A coopetitive model for the green economy. Economic Modelling, vol. 29, issue 4, pp. 1215-1219, (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.econmod.2012.04.005
[23]. Carfì, D., Schilirò, D.: A Framework of coopetitive games: Applications to the Greek crisis. AAPP | Physical, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, vol. 90, issue 1, pp. 1-32, (2012). doi: 10.1478/AAPP.901A1
[24]. Chai, B. C., van der Voort, J. R., Grofelnik, K. et al. (2019). Which Diet Has the Least Environmental Impact on Our Planet? A Systematic Review of Vegan, Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diets. Sustainability, 11(15).
[25]. Clarke-Hill C., Li H., Davies B., 2003. The Paradox of Co-operation and Competition in Startegic Alliances: Towards a Multi-Paradigm Approach, Management Research News, 26, 1-20.
[26]. Cui, H., Zhao, T., Tao, P. (2019). Evolutionary Game Study on the Development of Green Agriculture in China Based on Ambidexterity Theory Perspective. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28(3): 1093-1104.
[27]. Donato, A., Carfì, D., Blandina, B.: Coopetitive Games for Management of Marine Transportation Activity: a Study Case. Mathematics, vol. 6, issue 12, pp. 322-338, (2018). doi: 10.3390/math6120322
[28]. Fresán, U., Sabaté, J. (2019). Vegetarian Diets: Planetary Health and Its Alignment with Human Health, Advances in Nutrition, 10, S380–S388.
[29]. Guillard, V., Gaucel, S., Fornaciari, C., Angellier-Coussy, H., Buche, P., Gontard, N.: The Next Generation of Sustainable Food Packaging to Preserve Our Environment in a Circular Economy Context. Front. Nutr. (2018). DOI 10.3389/fnut.2018.00121
[30]. Hagedoorn, J., Carayannis, E., Alexander, J., 2001. Strange Bedfellows in the Personal Computer Industry: Technology Alliances between IBM and Apple. Research Policy 30(5), 837-49. doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(00)00125-6
[31]. Hallstrom, E., Carlsson-Kanyama, A. and Borjesson, P. (2015). Environmental impact of dietary chanfe: a systematic review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 91: 1-11.
[32]. Huang, H., He, Y., Li, D. (2018). Pricing and inventory decisions in the food supply chain with production disruption and controllable deterioration, Journal of Cleaner Production, 180: 280-296.
[33]. OECD: Rethinking Innovation for a Sustainable Ocean Economy. OECD Publishing, Paris(2019). doi: 10.1787/9789264311053-en
[34]. Memarzadeh, M., Moura, S., Horvath, A. (2020). Multi-agent management of integrated food-energy-water systems using stochastic games: from Nash equilibrium to the social optimum. Environmental Research Letters, 15(9).
[35]. Yang, Y., Nie, P. (2017). Asymmetric competition in food industry with product substitutability. Agricultural Economics-Zemedelska Ekonomica.
Sitography:
[1]. What’s the role of factory farming in ocean degradation? Published online at Mission-Blue.org (2015). Retrived at https://mission-blue.org/2015/02/whats-the-role-of-mass-animal-agriculture-in-ocean-degradation/
[2]. Factory farmed meat is killing our oceans (2019). Retrieved online at https://www.thebluesurfer.com/mag/2019/10/21/factory-farmed-meat-is-killing-our-oceans
[3]. Meat consumption threatens the oceans (2020). Retrieved online at https://www.turtle-foundation.org/en/meat-consumption-threatens-the-oceans/
[4]. Industrial meat production is killing our seas. It’s time to change our diets (2017). Retrieved online at https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/aug/04/meat-industry-gulf-mexico-dead-zones-pollution
[5]. Wikipedia, Hypoxia (environmental). Retrieved online at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoxia_(environmental)#/media/File:Global_areas_of_hypoxia.jpg
[6]. Laffoley, D., Baxter, J. M. (2019). Ocean deoxygenation: Everyone’s problem. IUCN. Retrieved online at https://www.iucn.org/content/ocean-deoxygenation-everyones-problem
[7]. Weforum, Dead zones in our oceans have increased dramatically since 1950. Retrieved online at https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/dead-zones-in-our-oceans-have-increased-dramatically-since-1950-and-we-re-to-blame/
[8]. Missionblue (2015), What’s the role of factory farming in ocean degradation? Retrieved online at https://mission-blue.org/2015/02/whats-the-role-of-mass-animal-agriculture-in-ocean-degradation/
[9]. Prices by Country in USD. Retrieved online at https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/prices_by_country.jsp
[10]. Ritchie, H. (2017), "Meat and Dairy Production". Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved online at https://ourworldindata.org/meat-production
[11]. A Farm to Fork Strategy for a fair, healthy and environmentally-friendly food system. Retrieved online at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1590404602495&uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0381
[1]. Aleksandrowic, L., Green, R., Joy, E. et al. (2016). The Impacts of Dietary Change on Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Land Use, Water Use, and Helath: A Systematic Review. Plos One, 11(11).
[2]. Arthanari, T., Carfì, D., Musolino, F. Game Theoretic Modeling of Horizontal Supply Chain Coopetition among Growers. International Game Theory Review, 17(2), (2015). doi: 10.1142/S0219198915400137
[3]. Branderburger, A.M., Nalebuff, B.J., 1996. Coopetition. New York, Currency Doubleday.
[4]. Brandenburger, A. M., Nalebuff, B.J., 1995. The Right Game: Use Game Theory to Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, 64, 57-71, July-August.
[5]. M. Campbell, M., Carfì, D. Speculative and hedging interaction model in oil and U.S. dollar markets – Phase Transition, Journal of Statistical Physics, vol. 170, issue 1, pp. 165-205, (2018). doi: 10.1007/s10955-017-1915-7
[6]. Carfì, D. Optimal boundaries for decisions. AAPP | Physical, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, 86(1), pp. 1-11, (2008). doi: 10.1478/C1A0801002
[7]. Carfì, D. A model for coopetitive games. Journal of Mathematical Economics and Finance, 1(1), 46-75, (2015).
[8]. Carfì, D., Campbell, M. Speculative and hedging interaction model in oil and U.S. dollar markets - Nash equilibria for one or more banks, AAPP | Physical, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, vol. 96, Suppl. 1, (2018). doi: 10.1478/AAPP.96S1A1
[9]. Carfì, D., Donato, A. Environmental Management through coopetitive urban waste recycling in eco-industrial parks. Mathematics, 9: 2520, 2021. doi: 10.3390/math9192520
[10]. Carfì, D., Donato, A.: Coopetitive Games for Sustainability of Global Feeding and Climate Change: Recent Developments. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9(1(25)), 200-215 (2018). DOI jemt.v9.1(25).25
[11]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., 2019. Cournot-Bayesian General Equilibrium: A Radon Measure Approach. Mathematics, vol. 7, issue 1, pp. 10-29. doi: 10.3390/math7010010
[12]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., Fredella, M.I., Squillante, M., 2021: Coopetitive games for Environmental Sustainability: Climate Change and Decision Global Policies. Socio-Economic Planning Science, 75 (2021). DOI 10.1016/j.seps.2020.100807
[13]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., Fredella, M.I., Squillante, M.: Plastic Ocean and Climate Change: a coopetitive integrated approach (2019). DOI 10.13140/RG.2.2.16869.55529. Conference: AGU Fall Meeting 2019, December 9-13, 2019, San Francisco, USA (Last access September 2020)
[14]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., Gambarelli, G. Kalai-Smorodinsky Balance for N-tuples of Interfering Elements. In N.T. Nguyen et al. (Eds.), Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence XXVII, LNCS 10480, pp. 1–27 (2017). doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-70647-4_1
[15]. Carfì, D., Donato, A., Panuccio, D. A Game Theory Coopetitive Perspective for Sustainability of Global Feeding: Agreements Among Vegan and Non-Vegan Food Firms. In A. J. Vasile and D. Nicolò editors, Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Investments in the Green Economy, volume of Book Series on Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage (ABSCA), pp. 100-143, (2017). doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2075-7.ch004
[16]. Carfì, D., Musolino, F.: A coopetitive-dynamical game model for currency markets stabilization. AAPP | Physical, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, vol. 93, issue 1, pp. 1-29, (2015). doi: 10.1478/AAPP.931C1.
[17]. Carfì, D., Musolino, F.: Speculative and hedging interaction model in oil and U.S. dollar markets with financial transaction taxes. Economic Modelling, vol.37, pp. 306-319, (2014). doi: 10.1016/j.econmod.2013.11.003
[18]. Carfì, D., Musolino, F.: Game theory and speculation on government bonds. Economic Modelling, vol. 29, issue 6, pp. 2417-2426, (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.econmod.2012.06.037
[19]. Carfì, D., Perrone, E.: Game Complete Analysis of Classic Economic Duopolies. Lambert Academic Publishing (2012)
[20]. Carfì, D., Perrone, E.: Asymmetric Cournot duopoly: A game complete analysis. Journal of Reviews on Global Economics 2, 194-202 (2013). DOI 10.6000/1929-7092.2013.02.16
[21]. Carfì, D., Romeo, A.: Improving Welfare in Congo: Italian National Hydrocarbons Authority Strategies and its Possible Coopetitive Alliances with Green Energy Producers. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, vol. 10, issue 4 (34), pp. 571-592, (2015).
[22]. Carfì, D., Schilirò, D.: A coopetitive model for the green economy. Economic Modelling, vol. 29, issue 4, pp. 1215-1219, (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.econmod.2012.04.005
[23]. Carfì, D., Schilirò, D.: A Framework of coopetitive games: Applications to the Greek crisis. AAPP | Physical, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, vol. 90, issue 1, pp. 1-32, (2012). doi: 10.1478/AAPP.901A1
[24]. Chai, B. C., van der Voort, J. R., Grofelnik, K. et al. (2019). Which Diet Has the Least Environmental Impact on Our Planet? A Systematic Review of Vegan, Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diets. Sustainability, 11(15).
[25]. Clarke-Hill C., Li H., Davies B., 2003. The Paradox of Co-operation and Competition in Startegic Alliances: Towards a Multi-Paradigm Approach, Management Research News, 26, 1-20.
[26]. Cui, H., Zhao, T., Tao, P. (2019). Evolutionary Game Study on the Development of Green Agriculture in China Based on Ambidexterity Theory Perspective. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28(3): 1093-1104.
[27]. Donato, A., Carfì, D., Blandina, B.: Coopetitive Games for Management of Marine Transportation Activity: a Study Case. Mathematics, vol. 6, issue 12, pp. 322-338, (2018). doi: 10.3390/math6120322
[28]. Fresán, U., Sabaté, J. (2019). Vegetarian Diets: Planetary Health and Its Alignment with Human Health, Advances in Nutrition, 10, S380–S388.
[29]. Guillard, V., Gaucel, S., Fornaciari, C., Angellier-Coussy, H., Buche, P., Gontard, N.: The Next Generation of Sustainable Food Packaging to Preserve Our Environment in a Circular Economy Context. Front. Nutr. (2018). DOI 10.3389/fnut.2018.00121
[30]. Hagedoorn, J., Carayannis, E., Alexander, J., 2001. Strange Bedfellows in the Personal Computer Industry: Technology Alliances between IBM and Apple. Research Policy 30(5), 837-49. doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(00)00125-6
[31]. Hallstrom, E., Carlsson-Kanyama, A. and Borjesson, P. (2015). Environmental impact of dietary chanfe: a systematic review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 91: 1-11.
[32]. Huang, H., He, Y., Li, D. (2018). Pricing and inventory decisions in the food supply chain with production disruption and controllable deterioration, Journal of Cleaner Production, 180: 280-296.
[33]. OECD: Rethinking Innovation for a Sustainable Ocean Economy. OECD Publishing, Paris(2019). doi: 10.1787/9789264311053-en
[34]. Memarzadeh, M., Moura, S., Horvath, A. (2020). Multi-agent management of integrated food-energy-water systems using stochastic games: from Nash equilibrium to the social optimum. Environmental Research Letters, 15(9).
[35]. Yang, Y., Nie, P. (2017). Asymmetric competition in food industry with product substitutability. Agricultural Economics-Zemedelska Ekonomica.
Sitography:
[1]. What’s the role of factory farming in ocean degradation? Published online at Mission-Blue.org (2015). Retrived at https://mission-blue.org/2015/02/whats-the-role-of-mass-animal-agriculture-in-ocean-degradation/
[2]. Factory farmed meat is killing our oceans (2019). Retrieved online at https://www.thebluesurfer.com/mag/2019/10/21/factory-farmed-meat-is-killing-our-oceans
[3]. Meat consumption threatens the oceans (2020). Retrieved online at https://www.turtle-foundation.org/en/meat-consumption-threatens-the-oceans/
[4]. Industrial meat production is killing our seas. It’s time to change our diets (2017). Retrieved online at https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/aug/04/meat-industry-gulf-mexico-dead-zones-pollution
[5]. Wikipedia, Hypoxia (environmental). Retrieved online at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoxia_(environmental)#/media/File:Global_areas_of_hypoxia.jpg
[6]. Laffoley, D., Baxter, J. M. (2019). Ocean deoxygenation: Everyone’s problem. IUCN. Retrieved online at https://www.iucn.org/content/ocean-deoxygenation-everyones-problem
[7]. Weforum, Dead zones in our oceans have increased dramatically since 1950. Retrieved online at https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/dead-zones-in-our-oceans-have-increased-dramatically-since-1950-and-we-re-to-blame/
[8]. Missionblue (2015), What’s the role of factory farming in ocean degradation? Retrieved online at https://mission-blue.org/2015/02/whats-the-role-of-mass-animal-agriculture-in-ocean-degradation/
[9]. Prices by Country in USD. Retrieved online at https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/prices_by_country.jsp
[10]. Ritchie, H. (2017), "Meat and Dairy Production". Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved online at https://ourworldindata.org/meat-production
[11]. A Farm to Fork Strategy for a fair, healthy and environmentally-friendly food system. Retrieved online at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1590404602495&uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0381
Published
2021-06-30
How to Cite
CARFI’, David; DONATO, Alessia.
Factory Farming and Ocean Degradation: Coopetitive Strategies for the Environment.
Journal of Mathematical Economics and Finance, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 34 - 49, june 2021.
ISSN 2458-0813.
Available at: <https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jmef/article/view/6489>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14505/jmef.v7.1(12).03.
Section
Articles
The Copyright Transfer Form to ASERS Publishing (The Publisher)
This form refers to the manuscript, which an author(s) was accepted for publication and was signed by all the authors.
The undersigned Author(s) of the above-mentioned Paper here transfer any and all copyright-rights in and to The Paper to The Publisher. The Author(s) warrants that The Paper is based on their original work and that the undersigned has the power and authority to make and execute this assignment. It is the author's responsibility to obtain written permission to quote material that has been previously published in any form. The Publisher recognizes the retained rights noted below and grants to the above authors and employers for whom the work performed royalty-free permission to reuse their materials below. Authors may reuse all or portions of the above Paper in other works, excepting the publication of the paper in the same form. Authors may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce the above Paper for the Author's personal use or for internal company use, provided that the source and The Publisher copyright notice are mentioned, that the copies are not used in any way that implies The Publisher endorsement of a product or service of an employer, and that the copies are not offered for sale as such. Authors are permitted to grant third party requests for reprinting, republishing or other types of reuse. The Authors may make limited distribution of all or portions of the above Paper prior to publication if they inform The Publisher of the nature and extent of such limited distribution prior there to. Authors retain all proprietary rights in any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in The Paper. This agreement becomes null and void if and only if the above paper is not accepted and published by The Publisher, or is with drawn by the author(s) before acceptance by the Publisher.